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  • 1 πίπτω

    πίπτω, [dialect] Aeol. [full] πίσσω, acc. to Gramm. in Hilgard
    A Exc. ex libris Herodiani p.28 (cf. Hdn.Gr.2.377 note); poet. subj.

    πίπτῃσι Pl.Com. 153.5

    : [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

    πῖπτον Il.8.67

    , etc. (for the quantity of ι cf. Hdn. Gr.2.10); [dialect] Ion. πίπτεσκον ( συμ-) Emp.59.2: [tense] fut.

    πεσοῦμαι A.Ch. 971

     (lyr.), etc.; [dialect] Ion.[ per.] 3pl.

    πεσέονται Il.11.824

    , [ per.] 3sg.

    πεσέεται Hdt.7.163

    , 168: [tense] aor. ἔπεσον, inf. πεσεῖν, Il.13.178, etc.; [ per.] 2sg. opt.

    πεσοίης Polem.Call. 10.14

    ; [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor.

    ἔπετον Alc.60

    , Pi.O.7.69, P.5.50, ([etym.] κάπετον) O.8.38, (ἐμ-) P.8.81, cf. Isyll.8, IG14.642 ([place name] Thurii); in later writers ἔπεσα, Orph.A. 521, LXX Le.9.24, al., f.l. in E.Tr. 291 ( προς-): [tense] pf.

    πέπτωκα A.Eu. 147

    , Ar.Ra. 970, etc.; [dialect] Ep. part. πεπτεώς, εῶτος (the εω forming one syll. by synizesis), Il.21.503, etc.; also πεπτηώς, ηυῖα, Od.14.354, Simon.183.7, Hp.Mul.1.69, A.R.4.1298, AP7.427 (Antip. Sid.), cf. πτήσσω; Trag. part.

    πεπτώς S.Aj. 828

    , Ant. 697. (Redupl. from πετ-, which appears in [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor. [tense] aor. ἔ-πετ-ον (v. supr.), and the poet. form πίτ-νω; cogn. with πέτομαι, q.v.)
    A Radical sense, fall down, and (when intentional) cast oneself down, πρηνέα πεσεῖν, ὕπτιος πέσεν, Il.6.307, 15.435, etc.;

    νιφάδες.. π. θαμειαί 12.278

    ;

    ὀπίσω πέσεν Od.12.410

    ; etc.:—Constr., with Preps., in Hom. almost always ἐν.., ἐν κονίῃσι π. fall in the dust, i.e. to rise no more, Il.11.425, cf. 13.205;

    ἐν αἵματι καὶ κονίῃσι πεπτεῶτας Od.22.384

    ; π. ἐν ἀγκοίνῃσί τινος fall into his arms, Hes.Fr.142.5; ἐν χθονὶ πεπτηώς Simon.l.c. (cf. πτήσσω)

    π. ἐν δεμνίοις E.Or.35

    , cf. A.Pers. 125 (lyr.) (v. infr. B. 1): rare in Prose,

    π. ἐν ποταμῷ X.Ages.1.32

    : c. dat. only,

    πεδίῳ πέσε Il.5.82

    ; δεμνίοις π. E.Or.88 (s. v.l.);

    π. ἐπὶ χθονί Od.24.535

    ;

    οὐδέ οἱ ὕπνος πῖπτεν ἐπὶ βλεφάροις Hes.Fr.188.4

    ;

    ἐπὶ γᾷ S.Ant. 134

     (lyr.);

    πρὸς πέδῳ E.Ba. 605

    ;

    πρὸς ἀγκάλαις Id. Ion 962

    ;

    ἀμφὶ σώμασίν τινων A.Ag. 326

    : with a Prep. of motion first in Hes.,

    Πληϊάδες π. ἐς πόντον Op. 620

    ; [

    ποταμὸς] εἰς ἅλα Th. 791

    ;

    εἰς ἄντλον E.Hec. 1025

     (lyr.);

    ἐπὶ γᾶν π. αἷμα A.Ag. 1019

     (lyr.);

    ἐπὶ στόμα X.Cyn.10.13

    ;

    πρὸς οὖδας E.Hec. 405

    .
    2 in Hom. with Advs. of motion as well as of rest, χαμάδις π. Il.7.16, 15.714, etc.; χαμαὶ π. 4.482, cf. 14.418, etc.;

    π. ἔραζε 12.156

    , cf. Od.22.280.
    3 with Preps. denoting the point from which one falls,

    ἀπ' ὤμων χαμαὶ πέσε Il.16.803

    ;

    ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ A.Fr.44.3

    ;

    ἀπό τινος ὄνου Pl. Lg. 701d

    ;

    ἐκ χειρῶν π. ἡνία Il.5.583

    ;

    π. ἐκ νηός Od.12.417

    ;

    πεσὼν ἐκ νηὸς ἀποφθίμην ἐνὶ πόντῳ 10.51

    .
    4 Geom., of perpendiculars or parts of applied figures, π. ἐπί τι fall upon, Euc.3.11, Archim.Fluit. 2.8, al., Apollon.Perg.Con.1.2; but π. ἐπί τι, ποτί τι, intersect, meet, Archim.Con.Sph.16, Spir.15; π. διά τινος pass through, Id.Con.Sph. 17;

    π. κατά τινος Id.Sph.Cyl.1

     Def.2;

    ἐπί τι κατά τινα Apollon.Perg. Con.1.2

    .
    B Special usages:
    I πίπτειν ἔν τισι fall violently upon, attack,

    ἐνὶ νήεσσι πέσωμεν Il.13.742

     (but ἐν νήεσσι πεσόντες tumbling into the ships, 2.175); ἐν βουσὶ π. S.Aj. 375 (lyr.); Ἔρως, ὃς ἐν κτήμασι π. Id.Ant. 782(lyr.); ἐπ' ἀλλήλοισι, of combatants, Hes.Sc. 379, cf. 375;

    πρὸς μῆλα καὶ ποίμνας S.Aj. 1061

     ;

    πρὸς πύλαις A.Th. 462

    .
    2 throw oneself down, fall down, πρὸς βρέτη θεῶν ib. 185 ;

    ἀμφὶ σὸν γόνυ E.Hec. 787

    ; ἐς γόνατα on one's knees, of a wrestler, Simon.156 ;

    ἐς τὸν ὦμον Ar.Eq. 571

    .
    II fall in battle,

    πῖπτε δὲ λαός Il.8.67

    , etc.; οἱ πεπτωκότες the fallen, X.Cyr.1.4.24 ;

    νέκυες πίπτοντες Il.10.200

    ;

    νεκροὶ περὶ νεκροῖς πεπτωκότες E.Ph. 881

     ;

    πεσήματα.. πέπτωκε δοριπετῆ νεκρῶν Id.Andr. 653

     ;

    π. ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων Hdt.9.67

     ;

    ὡς.. θάμνοι πρόρριζοι πίπτουσι.., ὣς ἄρ' ὑπ' Ἀτρεΐδῃ πῖπτε κάρηνα Τρώων Il.11.157

    , cf. 500, etc. ;

    τὸ Περσῶν ἄνθος οἴχεται πεσόν A.Pers. 252

    .
    2 fall, be ruined,

    δόμον δοκοῦντα κάρτα νῦν πεπτωκέναι Id.Ch. 263

    , cf. Pl.Phlb.22 e;

    πεσεῖν.. πτώματ' οὐκ ἀνασχετά A.Pr. 919

    , cf. Pl.La. 181b ;

    στάντες τ' ἐς ὀρθὸν καὶ πεσόντες ὕστερον S.OT50

     ; ἀβουλίᾳ, ἐξ ἀβουλίας π., Id.El. 429, 398 ;

    ἀπὸ σμικροῦ κακοῦ Id.Aj. 1078

     ; of an army,

    μεγάλα πεσόντα πρήγματα ὑπὸ ἡσσόνων Hdt.7.18

    , cf. Th.2.89 ;

    ὁ Ξέρξεω στρατὸς αὐτὸς ὑπ' ἑωυτοῦ ἔπιπτε Hdt.8.16

     ; of a city,

    π. δορί E.Hec. 5

    .
    3 fall, sink, ἄνεμος πέσε the wind fell, Od.19.202 (but in Hes. Op. 547, Βορέαο πεσόντος is used for ἐμπεσόντος, falling on, blowing on one): metaph,

    πέπτωκεν κομπάσματα A.Th. 794

    , cf. S.Ant. 474 : c. dat., ταῖς ἐλπίσι πεσεῖν fail in one's hopes, Plb.1.87.1.
    4 fall short, fail, Pl.Phd. 100e ; of a playwright, fail, Ar.Eq. 540.
    III πίπτειν ἔκ τινος fall out of, lose a thing, unintentionally, σοι ἐκ θυμοῦ πεσέειν fall out of, lose thy favour, Il.23.595 ; ἐξ ἐλπίδων π. E.Fr.420.5 ;

    τοὔμπαλιν π. φρενῶν Id.Hipp. 390

     ; also of set purpose, ἐξ ἀρκύων π. escape from.., A.Eu. 147 ;

    ἔξω τῶν κακῶν Ar.Ra. 970

    .
    2 reversely, πολλὴν ἐς κακότητα π. Thgn.42 ;

    εἰς ἄτην Sol.13.68

     ;

    εἰς δουλοσύνην Id.9.4

     ;

    ἐς δάκρυα Hdt.6.21

     ;

    ἐς νόσον A.Pr. 478

     ; εἰς ἔρον, ἔριν, ὀργήν, φόβον, ἀνάγκας, E.IT 1172, Fr.578.8, Or. 696, Ph.69, Th.3.82 ; also ἐν γυιοπέδαις π. Pi.P.2.41 ;

    ἐν μέσοις ἀρκυστάτοις S.El. 1476

     ;

    ἐν φόβῳ E.Or. 1418

     (lyr.) ;

    ἐν σολοικισμῷ Luc.Sol.3

    ;

    πρὸς τόλμαν S.Ichn. 11

     : c. dat. only,

    π. δυσπραξίαις Id.Aj. 759

     ;

    αἰσχύνῃ Id.Tr. 597

    , etc.; οὐκ ἔχω ποῖ γνώμης πέσω I know not which way to turn, ib. 705.
    3 εἰς ὕπνον π. fall asleep, Id.Ph. 826 ; but

    ἐν ὕπνῳ Pi.I.4(3).23

    ; simply ὕπνῳ, A.Eu.68.
    4 π. εἰς (ἰατρικὴν) χρῆσιν to be applied to (medicinal) use, Dsc.5.19,151,al.
    5 π. ὑπ' αἴσθησιν to be accessible to perception, Iamb.Comm.Math.8, in Nic.p.7 P.
    IV πίπτειν μετὰ ποσσὶ γυναικός to fall between her feet, i.e. to be born, Il.19.110.
    V of the dice, τὰ δεσποτῶν εὖ πεσόντα θήσομαι I shall count my master's lucky throws my own, A.Ag.32;

    ἀεὶ γὰρ εὖ πίπτουσιν οἱ Διὸς κύβοι S. Fr. 895

    ;

    ὥσπερ οἱ κύβοι· οὐ ταὔτ' ἀεὶ πίπτουσιν Alex.34

    ; ὥσπερ ἐν πτώσει κύβων πρὸς τὰ πεπτωκότα τίθεσθαι τὰ πράγματα according to the throws, Pl.R. 604c ; ὄνασθαι πρὸς τὰ νῦν π. E.Hipp. 718; πρὸς τὸ πῖπτον as matters fall out, Id.El. 639 ; of tossing up with oystershells,

    κἂν μὲν πίπτῃσι τὰ λεύκ' ἐπάνω Pl.Com.153.5

     ; of lots, ὁ κλῆρος π. τινί or παρά τινα, Pl.R. 619e, 617e;

    ἐπί τινα Act.Ap.1.26

    : Astrol., π. καλῶς ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης Vett. Val.7.15.
    2 generally, fall, turn out, εὖ πίπτειν to be lucky, E.Or. 603; παρὰ γνώμαν π. Pi.O.12.10; of a battle, καραδοκήσοντα τὴν μάχην τῇ πεσέεται to wait and see how it would fall, Hdt.7.163, cf. 8.130; λόγων κορυφαὶ ἐν ἀλαθείᾳ π. turn out true, Pi.O.7.69;

    συμφοραὶ παντοῖαι πίπτουσαι παντοίως Pl.Lg. 709a

    .
    3 fall to one, i.e. to his lot, esp. of revenues, accrue,

    τῷ δήμῳ πρόσοδος ἔπιπτε Plb.30.31.7

    ;

    φησιν.. ἑξακισχίλια τάλαντα τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις πεσεῖν Id.2.62.1

     ; τὴν πεπτωκότα (sic)

    μοι οἰκίαν BGU251.12

     (ii A. D.);

    τὰ πίπτοντα διάφορα ἐκ τῶν μυστηρίων IG5(1).1390.45

     (Andania, i B. C.);

    τὸ πεσὸν ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς ἀργύριον D.H.20.17

     ; to be paid,

    τῶν εἰς Καίσαρα πίπτειν ὀφειλόντων ἐξεταστής Str.17.1.12

     ;

    τὰ πεπτωκότα εἰς τὸ.. ἱερόν PEleph.10.2

     (iii B. C.);

    π. ἐπὶ τράπεζαν PCair.Zen.236.7

     (iii B. C.), PLond.3.1200.1 (ii B. C.) ;

    μὴ πιπτόντων τῶν τόκων BMus.Inscr.1032.40

     ([place name] Teos) ; πέπτωκεν ἁλικῆς διά τινος .. Ostr.Bodl.i3 (iii B. C.) (but τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν προσόδων πίπτοντα deficiencies, IPE12.32B 75 ([place name] Olbia)).
    VI fall, of a date or period of Time,

    π. κατὰ τὴν ρκθ' Ὀλυμπιάδα Plb.1.5.1

     ;

    οἱ χρόνοι οἱ πίπτοντες ὑπὸ τὴν ἡμετέραν ἱστορίαν Id.4.2.2

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πίπτω

  • 2 δίδωμι

    δίδωμι (Hom.+) by-form διδῶ (B-D-F §94, 1; Rob. 311f) Rv 3:9 (δίδω Tregelles, δίδωμι v.l.), 3 sg. διδοῖ (GrBar 7:2), 3 pl. διδόασι; impf. 3 sg. ἐδίδου, ἐδίδει (Hs 6, 2, 7; cp. Mk 4:8 cod. W), 3 pl. ἐδίδουν, ἐδίδοσαν J 19:3; ptc. διδῶν (Hs 8, 3, 3); fut. δώσω; 1 aor. ἔδωκα, subj. 3 sg. δώσῃ J 17:2; Rv 8:3 v.l. (on this W-S.§14, 9; B-D-F §95, 1; Rob. 308f), 1 pl. δώσωμεν Mk 6:37 v.l., 3 pl. δώσωσιν Rv 4:9 v.l.; pf. δέδωκα; plpf. ἐδεδώκειν (and without augm. δεδώκειν Mk 14:44; Lk 19:15; J 11:57); 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. δῷ J 15:16 (δώῃ v.l.); also in the form δώῃ Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 (in both δῷ as v.l.): in all these cases read δώῃ subj., not δῴη opt., s. below; δοῖ Mk 8:37 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt. 55; Rdm.2 97f and Glotta 7, 1916, 21ff; GKilpatrick in Festschrift JSchmid ’63, 135), pl. δῶμεν, δῶτε, δῶσιν; 2 aor. opt. 3 sg. Hellenist. (also LXX) δῴη for δοίη Ro 15:5; 2 Th 3:16; 2 Ti 1:16, 18 (on Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 s. above); 2 aor. impv. δός, δότε, inf. δοῦναι, ptc. δούς; pf. δέδωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 fut. δοθήσομαι (W-S. §14, 8ff); 1 aor. ἐδόθην; pf. δέδομαι.
    ① to give as an expression of generosity, give, donate as a gen. principle: μακάριόν ἐστιν μᾶλλον διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν it is more blessed to give than to receive Ac 20:35 (Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 42 τὸ διδόναι ἢ τὸ λαβεῖν οἰκειότερον); cp. 1 Cl 2:1; Hm 2:4ff (the contrast δίδωμι … λαμβάνω is frequently found: Epicharmus, Fgm. 273 Kaibel; Com. Fgm. Adesp. 108, 4 K.; Maximus Tyr. 32, 10c ὀλίγα δούς, μεγάλα ἔλαβες; Sir 14:16; Tat. 29, 2).—On the logion Ac 20:35 s. Unknown Sayings 77–81: giving is blessed, not receiving (cp. EHaenchen on Ac 20:35; Aristot., EN 4, 3, 26; Plut., Mor. 173d). S. μᾶλλον 3c. δὸς τοῖς πτωχοῖς give to the poor Mt 19:21 (HvonCampenhausen, Tradition u. Leben ’60, 114–56). τινὶ ἔκ τινος give someone some (of a substance: Tob 4:16; Ezk 48:12) Mt 25:8. S. also 7:11; 14:7.
    ② to give someth. out, give, bestow, grant δ. δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα put a ring on the finger Lk 15:22 (cp. Esth 3:10—δίδωμί τι εἰς τ. χεῖρα also Aristoph., Nub. 506; Herodas 3, 70). give τινί τι someth. to someone τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσίν Mt 7:6 (Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 33 τὰ ἔγκατα τοῖς κυσὶ δότε).—A certificate of divorce to one’s wife 5:31 (Dt 24:1; conversely of the wife Just., A II, 2, 6 ῥεπούδιον δοῦσα); without dat. 19:7. Of bread (w. dat. or acc. somet. to be supplied fr. the context) 26:26f; Mk 2:26; 14:22; Lk 6:4; 11:7f; 22:19; J 21:13 (difft. Mt 14:19; 15:36; Mk 6:41; 8:6 the disciples transfer to others what they have received). W. inf. foll. δ. τινὶ φαγεῖν give someone someth. to eat Mt 14:16; 25:35, 42; Mk 5:43; 6:37; J 6:31 al. (cp. Gen 28:20; Ex 16:8, 15; Lev 10:17); someth. to drink Mt 27:34; Mk 15:23; J 4:7; Rv 16:6 (Hdt. 4, 172, 4; Aristoph., Pax 49; Jos., Ant. 2, 64; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 146 δὸς πιεῖν τί τινι, without dat. 198; PGM 13, 320 δὸς πεῖν[=πιεῖν]; Jos., Ant. 2, 64).—τὰς ῥάβδους GJs 9:1.—Lk 15:29 (Hipponax 43 Deg.).
    ③ to express devotion, give δόξαν δ. θεῷ give God the glory, i.e. praise, honor, thanks (Josh 7:19; Ps 67:35; 1 Esdr 9:8; 2 Ch 30:8 and oft.) Lk 17:18; J 9:24 (practically=promise under oath to tell the truth); Ac 12:23 al. δόξαν καὶ τιμήν (2 Ch 32:33) give glory and honor Rv 4:9. Through a sacrificial offering θυσίαν δ. bring an offering Lk 2:24 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 196 θυσίαν ἀποδοῦναι τ. θεῷ).
    ④ to cause to happen, esp. in ref. to physical phenomena, produce, make, cause, give fig. extension of mng. 1 ὑετὸν δ. (3 Km 17:14; Job 5:10; Zech 10:1; PsSol 5:9) yield rain Js 5:18; send rain Ac 14:17. τέρατα cause wonders to appear Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3). Of heavenly bodies φέγγος δ. give light, shine Mt 24:29; Mk 13:24 (cp. Is 13:10). Of a musical instrument φωνὴν δ. (cp. Ps 17:14; 103:12; Jdth 14:9; Pind., N. 5, 50b [93]) produce a sound 1 Cor 14:7f.
    ⑤ to put someth. in care of another, entrust
    ⓐ of things entrust τινί τι someth. to someone money Mt 25:15; Lk 19:13, 15; the keys of the kgdm. Mt 16:19; perh. Lk 12:48. W. εἰς τὰς χεῖρας added J 13:3 (cp. Gen 39:8; Is 22:21; 29:12 al.) or ἐν τῇ χειρί τινος 3:35 (cp. Jdth 9:9; Da 1:2; 7:25 Theod.; 1 Macc 2:7). Of spiritual things J 17:8, 14; Ac 7:38.
    ⓑ of pers. τινά τινι entrust someone to another’s care J 6:37, 39; 17:6, 9, 12, 24; Hb 2:13 (Is 8:18).
    ⓐ of payment pay, give τινί τι Mt 20:4; 26:15; 28:12; Mk 14:11; Lk 22:5; Rv 11:18. Fig. repay someone (Mélanges Nicole, var. contributors, JNicole Festschr. 1905, p. 246 [HvanHerwerden=PLips 40 III, 3 p. 129] λίθῳ δέδωκεν τῷ υἱῷ μου; Ps 27:4) Rv 2:23. Of taxes, tribute, rent, etc. τινὶ ἀπό τινος pay rent of someth. Lk 20:10 (cp. 1 Esdr 6:28). τὶ pay (up), give someth. Mt 16:26; 27:10; Mk 8:37; δ. κῆνσον, φόρον καίσαρι pay tax to the emperor (Jos., Bell. 2, 403) Mt 22:17; Mk 12:14; Lk 20:22. Of inheritance pay out a portion of property Lk 15:12.
    ⓑ as commercial t.t. for bookkeeping λόγον δ. render account (POxy 1281, 9 [21 A.D.]; PStras 32, 9 δότω λόγον; cp. Phil 4:15) Ro 14:12.
    ⓒ of a bank deposit, equivalent to τιθέναι put, place, deposit ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν put money in the bank Lk 19:23.
    ⑦ appoint to special responsibility, appoint (Num 14:4) κριτάς judges Ac 13:20; w. double acc. appoint someone someth. (PLille 28, II [III B.C.] αὐτοῖς ἐδώκαμεν μεσίτην Δωρίωνα) τοὺϚ μὲν ἀποστόλους some (to be) apostles Eph 4:11. τινὰ κεφαλήν make someone head 1:22. Also δ. τινὰ εἴς τι B 14:7 (Is 42:6).
    ⑧ to cause someth. to happen, give (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 106 δ. χρόνον εἰς μετάνοιαν) δ. γνῶσιν σωτηρίας= to give (his people) knowledge of salvation = to tell (his people) how to be saved Lk 1:77.
    ⑨ to bear as a natural product, yield, produce of a field and its crops καρπὸν δ. yield fruit (Ps 1:3) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; fig. ἔδωκεν μοὶ Κύριος καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (Pr 11:30).
    ⑩ to dedicate oneself for some purpose or cause, give up, sacrifice τὸ σῶμά μου τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διδόμενον my body, given up for you Lk 22:19 (cp. Thu. 2, 43, 2; Libanius, Declam. 24, 23 Förster οἱ ἐν Πύλαις ὑπὲρ ἐλευθερίας τ. Ἑλλήνων δεδωκότες τὰ σώματα; of Menas δ. ἀπροφασίστως ἑαυτόν ‘gave of himself unstintingly’ OGI 339, 19f; Danker, Benefactor 321–23; for use of δ. in a testamentary context cp. Diog. L. 5, 72); ἑαυτὸν (τὴν ψυχὴν) δ. give oneself up, sacrifice oneself (ref. in Nägeli 56; 1 Macc 6:44; 2:50) w. dat. 2 Cor 8:5. λύτρον ἀντι πολλῶν give oneself up as a ransom for many Mt 20:28; Mk 10:45 (ἀντί 3). Also ἀντίλυτρον ὑπέρ τινος 1 Ti 2:6. ὐπέρ τινος for or because of a person or thing J 10:15 v.l.; Gal 1:4; Tit 2:14; AcPl Ha 8, 24 (on the form of these passages s. KRomaniuk, NovT 5, ’62, 55–76). ἑαυτὸν δ. τῷ θανάτῳ ISm 4:2 (cp. Just., A I, 21, 2 πυρί); δ. ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θηρίον face the beast Hv 4, 1, 8.
    ⑪ to cause (oneself) to go, go, venture somewhere (cp. our older ‘betake oneself’) (Polyb. 5, 14, 9; Diod S 5, 59, 4; 14, 81, 2; Jos., Ant. 7, 225; 15, 244) εἰς τὸ θέατρον Ac 19:31; εἰς τὴν ἔρημον GJs 1:4.
    ⑫ to use an oracular device, draw/cast lots Ac 1:26.
    ⑬ to grant by formal action, grant, allow, freq. of God (cp. 7 above) ἐξουσίαν δ. (Hippol., Ref. 5, 26, 21 grant someone the power or authority, give someone the right, etc. (cp. TestJob 20:3; Jos., Ant. 2, 90, Vi. 71) Mt 9:8; 28:18; 2 Cor 13:10; Rv 9:3; 1 Cl 61:1; τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω τινός tread on someth. Lk 10:19. τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the ability to write this account GJs 25:1. ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς δύναμιν καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἐπί Lk 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 30, 3 ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ δύναμιν). ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω i.e. put them under your control Mt 4:9 of the devil. Simple δ. w. inf. (Appian, Liby. 19 §78 ἢν [=ἐὰν] ὁ θεὸς δῷ ἐπικρατῆσαι 106 §499) δέδοται it is given, granted to someone γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια to know the secrets Mt 13:11; cp. ἡ δοθεῖσα αὐτῷ γνῶσις B 9:8 (Just., D. 7, 3 εἰ μή τῳ θεός δῷ συνιέναι) ἔδωκεν ζωὴν ἔχειν he has granted (the privilege) of having life J 5:26. μετὰ παρρησίας λαλεῖν to speak courageously Ac 4:29 and oft. Rather freq. the inf. is to be supplied fr. the context (Himerius, Or. 38 [4], 8 εἰ θεὸς διδοίη=if God permits) οἷς δέδοται sc. χωρεῖν Mt 19:11. ἦν δεδομένον σοι sc. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν J 19:11. W. acc. and inf. foll. (Appian, Mithrid. 11, §37; Heliodorus 5, 12, 2 δώσεις με πιστεύειν) οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν you will not permit your holy one to see corruption Ac 2:27; 13:35 (both Ps 15:10). ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι granted that he should be plainly seen 10:40. δὸς … ῥαγήναι τὰ δέσμα grant that our chains be broken AcPl Ha 3,11f. Pregnant constr.: grant, order (Diod S 9, 12, 2 διδ. λαβεῖν=permit to; 19, 85, 3 τὶ=someth.; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 125 §524 ὁ καιρὸς ἐδίδου=the opportunity permitted; Biogr. p. 130 ἐδίδου θάπτειν τ. ἄνδρα) ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν orders were given them not to kill Rv 9:5; cp. 19:8.—Of an oath w. double inf. Lk 1:73f. S. also 17 below.
    ⑭ to cause to come into being, institute περιτομὴν δ. institute circumcision B 9:7.
    ⑮ give up, someth. that has been under one’s control for a relatively long time, give up, give back ἡ θάλασσα τ. νεκρούς the sea gave up its dead Rv 20:13.
    ⑯ to proffer someth., extend, offer χεῖρα hold out one’s hand (to someone) Ac 9:41 (cp. 1 Macc 6:58; 2 Macc 12:11; Jos., Bell. 6, 318). (τὸν) μαστὸν τῇ παῖδι GJs 5:2; 6:3.
    ⑰ In many phrases this word relates to an activity or an abstract object, and with tr. freq. determined by the noun object; cp. 13 above.
    ⓐ of humans: of a plan conceived in a meeting give counsel or advice: δ. for ποιεῖν (cp. κατά A2b β and s. s.v. συμβούλιον), which is read by some mss., in συμβούλιον δ. conspired (against Jesus) Mk 3:6. ἀφορμὴν δ. give an occasion (for someth.) 2 Cor 5:12; Hm 4, 1, 11; μαρτυρίαν δ. give testimony 1 Cl 30:7; δ. τὸ μαρτύριον bear witness AcPl Ha 4, 28; γνώμην δ. give an opinion 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 8:10; ἐγκοπὴν δ. cause a hindrance 1 Cor 9:12; ἐντολὴν δ. command, order J 11:57; 12:49; 1J 3:23; ἐντολὴν καινὴν δ. give a new commandment J 13:34; εὔσημον λόγον δ. speak plainly or intelligibly 1 Cor 14:9; παραγγελίαν δ. give an instruction 1 Th 4:2; δ. τὴν ἐν [κυρίῳ σφραγίδα] seal in the Lord AcPl Ha 11, 23 (restored after the Coptic); προσκοπὴν δ. put an obstacle in (someone’s) way 2 Cor 6:3; δ. ἐκδίκησιν take vengeance 2 Th 1:8; ῥάπισμα δ. τινί slap someone J 18:22; 19:3; σημεῖον δ. give a sign Mt 26:48; τόπον δ. τινί make room for someone (Plut., Gai. Gracch. 840 [13, 3]) Lk 14:9; fig. leave room for Ro 12:19 (cp. τόπος 4); Eph 4:27. ὑπόδειγμα δ. give an example J 13:15; φίλημα δ. τινί give someone a kiss Lk 7:45.—δὸς ἐργασίαν Lk 12:58 is prob. a Latinism=da operam take pains, make an effort (B-D-F §5, 3b note 9; Rob. 109), which nevertheless penetrated the popular speech (OGI 441, 109 [senatorial decree 81 B.C.]; POxy 742, 11 [colloq. letter 2 B.C.] δὸς ἐργασίαν; PMich 203, 7; 466, 33f [Trajan]; PGiss 11, 16 [118 A.D.]; PBrem 5, 8 [117/119 A.D.]).
    ⓑ esp. oft. of God (Hom. et al.) and Christ: give, grant, impose (of punishments etc.), send, of gifts, peace τινί τι Eph 4:8; 1 Cl 60:4; τινί τινος give someone some of a thing Rv 2:17. Also τινὶ ἔκ τινος 1J 4:13. τὶ εἴς τινα 1 Th 4:8 (Ezk 37:14); εἰς τὰς καρδίας put into the hearts Rv 17:17 (cp. X., Cyr. 8, 2, 20 δ. τινί τι εἰς ψυχήν). Also ἐν τ. καρδίαις δ. (cp. ἐν 3) 2 Cor 1:22; 8:16 (cp. Ezk 36:27). εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν Hb 8:10 (Jer 38: 33); ἐπὶ καρδίας Hb 10:16 (δ. ἐπί w. acc. as Jer 6:21, and s. Jer 38:33 ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν γράψω). W. ἵνα foll. grant that Mk 10:37.—The pass. occurs very oft. in this sense (Plut., Mor. 265d; 277e) Lk 8:10; Rv 6:4; 7:2; 13:7, 14f and oft. ἐκδίκησιν διδόναι τινί inflict punishment on someone 2 Th 1:8; βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος δ. τινί send torment and grief upon someone Rv 18:7; ὄνομα δ. GJs 6:2, χάριν δ. (Jos., Bell. 7, 325) Js 4:6; 1 Pt 5:5 (both Pr 3:34); GJs 14:2; υἱοθεσίαν AcPl Ha 2, 28; 9,12; ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 2, 30f; μεγαλεῖα 6,13. W. gen. foll. over someone Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; J 17:2.—B. 749. Schmidt, Syn. 193–203. DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > δίδωμι

  • 3 καταμέμφομαι

    A

    - μέμψομαι Phld.Oec.p.74J.

    : [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. - εμέμφθην in act. sense, Pi N.11.30; also in pass. sense, Sammelb.5357.11 (v A. D.):— find fault with; esp. with a sense of distrust in oneself, ἰσχύν Pi.l.c.;

    τὴν δύναμιν τὴν σφετέραν αὐτῶν Isoc.15.61

    , cf. 5.110;

    σφᾶς αὐτούς Th.8.106

    , cf. D.22.27;

    ἐμαυτόν, ὡς.. Pl.Men. 71b

    ;

    τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ ἡλικίαν D.29.1

    : more generally, blame, censure,

    τὴν τυραννίδα ἔν τινι X.Hier.8.6

    ;

    τὴν ἱστορίαν D.S.20.43

    ; ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς ταῖς ξυμφοραῖς blame for.., Th.7.77;

    ἐπί τινι Plb.5.87.4

    ; τινος Plu. Dio8, Sch.Arat.147 (v.l.), Nicom.Exc.4 (v.l.);

    ὅτι.. D.S.15.6

    : c. dat. rei, AP11.57 (Agath.), Anon. ap. Suid., Longus 2.21, Ps.-Luc.Philopatr. 27; disparage,

    Σωκράτην Phld.Piet.77

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταμέμφομαι

  • 4 καθιδρύω

    A make to sit down,

    Ὀδυσῆα καθίδρυε Od.20.257

    ; μακάρων ἐς αἶαν σὸν καθιδρύσει βίον will carry thee to the land of the Blest that thou mayst live there, E.Ba. 1339:—[voice] Pass., sit down, settle, Ar. Av.45; ἐν πόλει, ἐν τῷ ὄρει, Pl.Sph. 224d, Th.4.46; κ. ἐς Ἀργώ take one's seat in.., Theoc.13.28; to be quartered, of troops, PLond.3.1313.11 (vi A.D.).
    2 establish, place, ἐν τοῖς τιμιωτέροις τὸ τιμιώτερον (sc. τὴν καρδίαν)

    καθίδρυκεν ἡ φύσις Arist.PA 665b20

    ; ἐφ' ἑνὸς τόπου κ. τὴν ἱστορίαν to limit it, D.H.Th.6:—[voice] Pass., κ. ἐς τὴν ἑωυτῶν Χώρην to be restored, replaced, Hp.Fract.31, cf. Prorrh.2.19; ἐν αἷς [ ἱστορίαις]

    καθιδρῦσθαι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ὑπολαμβάνομεν D.H.1.1

    .
    3 consecrate, dedicate, [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med.

    καθιδρῡσάμην E.IT 1481

    ;

    - ῠσάμην IG14.882

     ([place name] Capua): [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. in act. sense, E.Cyc. 318:—[voice] Pass.,

    Ποσειδῶνος τοῦ κατιδρυθέντος ὑπὸ.. SIG1020.5

     (Halic., i B.C.);

    τεμένη -ύετο τῷ θεῷ Luc.Cal.17

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καθιδρύω

  • 5 περιλαμβάνω

    A embrace, τινα X. An.7.4.10, Smp.9.4, LXXGe.29.13, etc.; grasp,

    ταῖς χερσὶν πέτρας Pl.Sph. 246a

     : hence πολλὸν τοῦ ἀσφαλέος π. Hp.VM9.
    2 encompass or surround an enemy, Hdt.8.7,16, Plb.2.29.5, etc. ; μετεώρους τὰς ναῦς π. intercept them at sea, Th.8.42 ;

    χάρακι π. κύκλῳ τὴν πόλιν Plb.1.48.10

     ; ἐπεὰν δὲ αὐτὸν περιλάβῃς when you get hold of him, catch him, Hdt.5.23 ; πανοικίῃ τινὰ π. Id.8.106;

    π. τὸν θῆρα Pl.Sph. 235b

    ; π. τόπον ὑπὸ [ διφθέραις] cover it over, Phylarch.41 J.; also of water,

    πλείω π. τόπον Plb.4.39.8

     :—[voice] Pass., to be caught, trapped,

    οἴμοι, περιείλημμαι μόνος Ar.Pl. 934

    ; τῷ καιρῷ περιληφθέντες constrained by.., Plb.6.58.6, etc.
    3 compass, get possession of,

    ἅπαντα τὰ ἐκείνου Is.8.37

    ;

    πάντα π. ταῖς ἐλπίσιν Plb.8.1.3

    ; acquire an art, Phld.Rh.2.21 S.
    4 Geom., enclose a rectangle, Pl.Tht. 148a ; of a sphere, contain the regular solids, Id.Ti. 33b.
    II encase or cover all round,

    τοῦ τείχους χαλκῷ τὸν περίδρομον Id.Criti. 116b

     ;

    νεύροις.. κύκλῳ κατὰ κορυφὴν περιειλημμένη Id.Ti. 77e

    ;

    χρυσαῖς λεπίσι περιληφθῆναι Plb.10.27.10

     ;

    χαλκοῖς ἥλοις Moschio

     ap.Ath.5.207b:—[voice] Pass., of substances taken in a medium, Ph.Bel.89.17.
    III comprehend, include,

    ἐν κεφαλαίοις τὴν δύναμιν ὅλου τοῦ πράγματος Isoc.2.9

    ;

    τῷ λόγῳ Id.8.141

     ;

    τῷ λόγῳ τὸ ὄν Pl.Sph. 249d

     ; πολλὰ εἴδη ἑνὶ ὀνόματι ib. 226e, cf. Plt. 288c ([voice] Pass.); δύο γὰρ ὄντα αὐτὰ καὶ.. τρίτον ἄλλο εἶδος ἓν ὄνομα περιλαβόν since one name includes the two, and a third class besides, Id.Lg. 837a ; μιᾷ ἰδέᾳ καθ' ἓν ἕκαστον π. Id.Phdr. 273e ;

    π. πάντα D.61.30

     ;

    π. τῇ διανοίᾳ τὸ μέλλον Plu.Luc.9

    ;

    τὴν ἱστορίαν γραφῇ Id.Cic.41

     ; π. τὴν.. διάλεκτον compass it (Coraës παραλαβεῖν), Id.Ant.27; βραχεῖ λόγῳ π. Luc. Peregr.42 ;

    π. ταῖς συνθήκαις τινά Plb.5.67.12

     ;

    ὅσα μὴ σφόδρα περιείληφε ἓν ὁ νόμος τι προσαγορεύσας Lycurg.9

     :—[voice] Pass.,

    θήρα πάμπολύ τι πρᾶγμά ἐστι περιειλημμένον ὀνόματι νῦν σχέδον ἑνί Pl.Lg. 823b

    ;

    περιληφθῆναι τοῖς νόμοις Arist.Pol. 1287b19

    ;

    τοσούτων περιειλημμένων κακῶν Phld.Sto.339.13

     (- ειλλημε- Pap.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περιλαμβάνω

  • 6 διασπάω

    δια-σπάω, [tense] fut. -σπάσομαι [ᾰ] Ar.Ra. 477, Ec. 1076, also
    A

    - σπάσω Hdt.7.236

    : [tense] aor. -έσπᾰσα, [voice] Med.

    - εσπασάμην E.Hec. 1126

    , Ba. 339, Plu.Caes.68: [tense] pf. - έσπᾰκα Sch.Th.Oxy.853i15:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. - εσπάσθην: [tense] pf. - έσπασμαι (v. infr.):—tear asunder,

    τοὺς ἄνδρας κρεοργηδὸν δ. Hdt.3.13

    , cf. E. and Ar. ll. cc., etc.;

    ἐμὲ καὶ τὸν ἄνδρα δ. X.Cyr.6.1.45

    ; δ. τὸ σταύρωμα to break through or tear down the palisade, Id.HG4.4.10; δ. τὴν γέφυραν, τὸ ἔδαφος, Plb.6.55.1, Plu. Cam.5; break up, SIG364.10 (Ephesus, iii B. C.): metaph.,

    διασπᾶν τὴν σύμπνοιαν τοῦ παντός Iamb.Protr.21

    .λ:—[voice] Pass.,

    διέσπασται μελέων φύσις Emp.63

    ;

    τὸ Ἀττικὸν [ἔθνος].. διεσπασμένον ὑπὸ Πεισιστράτου Hdt.1.59

    ;

    μόνον οὐ διεσπάσθην D.5.5

    ; δ. ἀπὸ τῶν φίλων to be torn away from.., Arist.Rh. 1386a10.
    2 in military sense, separate part of an army from the rest, X.Cyr.5.4.19; of army and fleet, Hdt.7.236; δ. τὰς φάλαγγας break them up, Arist.Pol. 1303b13: —[voice] Pass., στράτευμα διεσπασμένον an army scattered and in disorder, Th.6.98, cf. 7.44; of a fleet, Id.8.104;

    τῷ διεσπάσθαι τὰς δυνάμεις

     to be widely scattered,

    X.An.1.5.9

    .
    3 metaph., pull different ways, πόλεις distract states, Pl.Lg. 875a;

    τὰς πολιτείας D.4.48

    ;

    τοὺς νόμους X.Cyr.8.5.25

    ; διέσπακε τὴν ἱστορίαν has broken the continuity of the narrative, Sch.Th. l. c.:—[voice] Pass., διασπώμενος distracted,

    πρὸς τοσαύτας ὑπηρεσίας Luc.DDeor.24.1

    ;

    ὑπὸ τῶν λόγων Id.Icar.23

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διασπάω

  • 7 εἰσποιέω

    A give in adoption,

    ὑόν τινι Pl.Lg. 878a

     ;

    τὸν παῖδα εἰς τὸν οῖκόν τινος D.43.15

    ;

    τοὺς σφετέρους παῖδας εἰς ἑτέρους οἴκους εἰσποιοῦσιν Is.10.17

     (but the same phrase is used of a father who begets, Id.6.22); εἰ. τινὰ εἰς τὰ χρήματά τινος make him heir to the property, Id.10.12, cf. 16,17, etc.; εἰ. σαυτὸν Ἄμμωνι, of Alexander, Plu. Alex. 50 : metaph.,[ ἡπαντάρβη]

    πᾶν τὸ ἐγγὺς ἐσποιεῖ αὑτῇ

     attracts,

    Philostr. VA3.46

    :—[voice] Med., adopt as one's son, D.44.34, Ph.2.86, D.C.44.5 :— [voice] Pass., εἰσποιηθῆναι πρός τινα to be adopted into his family, D.44.27; ἐπὶ τὸ ὄνομά τινος ib.36.
    2 generally, εἰ. τινὰς εἰς λῃτουργίαν bring new persons into the public service, Id.20.19,20 ; τῶν πραττομένων εἰσεποίει κοινωνὸν αὑτόν forced himself in as partaker, Din.1.32; εἰ. ἐγκώμιον εἰς τὴν ἱστορίαν introduce panegyric into history, Luc. Hist.Conscr. 9; εἰ. ἑαυτὸν εἰς δύναμίν τινος thrust himself into another's authority, Plu.Pomp.16; εἰ. Ἡσιόδῳ Θεογονίαν father it on him, Paus.9.27.2.
    3 τὸ τάχος [ τὴν τίγριν] ἐς. τοῖς ἀνέμοις adopts into the family of winds, i.e. makes it as swift as the winds, Philostr. VA 3.48.
    II [voice] Med., interuene, meddle in an affair, CPHerm.6.10 (iii A.D.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἰσποιέω

  • 8 πηρόω

    πηρ-όω, [dialect] Dor. [full] πᾱρόω (v. infr.), ([etym.] πηρός)
    2 metaph., incapacitate,

    τέχνην.. πηρῶσαι Pl.Phdr. 257a

    ;

    π. τὴν ἱστορίαν Str. 17.3.3

     :—[voice] Pass., πεπηρωμένος πρὸς ἀρετήν incapacitated for practising virtue, Arist.EN 1099b19;

    πρὸς τὴν γνῶσιν Anaxarch.

     ap. S.E.M. 7.55, cf. 298;

    πρὸς καρπογονίαν Thphr.CP1.5.5

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πηρόω

  • 9 προαναλαμβάνω

    A lift up first, τὸ σῶμα cj. in Sor.2.38; take up before,

    είς τὴν ἕξιν Ath.2.45e

     ([voice] Pass.), cf. BGU421.14 ([voice] Pass., ii A.D.).
    2 take up a narrative at an earlier point,

    βραχὺ τοῖς χρόνοις π. τὴν ἱστορίαν D.S.17.5

    .
    3 prepare, mix with, τινι Philum. ap. Aët.16.38:—[voice] Pass., cj. in Sor.1.122.
    II anticipate, forestall, J.AJ16.4.4.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προαναλαμβάνω

  • 10 σοφία

    σοφία, ας, ἡ (s. σοφίζω, σοφός; Hom., Pre–Socr. et al.; LXX, TestSol; TestJob 37:6; Test12patr, JosAs; AscIs 3:23; AssMos Fgm. e; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just.,Tat., Ath.)
    ① the capacity to understand and function accordingly, wisdom.
    ⓐ natural wisdom that belongs to this world σοφία Αἰγυπτίων (Synes., Provid. 1, 1 p. 89a; Jos., Ant. 2, 286; cp. Tat. 31, 1 πάσης βαρβάρου σοφίας ἀρχηγόν [of Moses]) Ac 7:22 (on the subj. s. Philo, Vita Mos. 1, 20ff; Schürer II 350). In contrast to God’s wisdom and the wisdom that comes fr. God ἡ σοφία τῶν σοφῶν 1 Cor 1:19 (Is 29:14). ἡ σοφία τοῦ κόσμου (τούτου) vs. 20; 3:19. σοφία τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 2:6b. ἀνθρωπίνη σοφία 2:13. ς. ἀνθρώπων vs. 5. Cp. 1:21b, 22; 2:1. σοφία λόγου cleverness in speaking 1:17. On ἐν πειθοῖς σοφίας λόγοις 2:4 see πειθός. σοφία σαρκική 2 Cor 1:12. ς. ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης Js 3:15 (cp. ς. as ironical referent for dissident teaching: ἡ παμποίκιλος ς. [τῆς] Περατικῆς αἱρέσεως Hippol., Ref. 5, 17, 1).—An advantage that is given to certain persons (like strength and riches, Just., D. 102, 6) 1 Cl 13:1 (Jer 9:22); 32:4; 38:2. So perh. also 39:6 (Job 4:21); but s. bα.
    ⓑ transcendent wisdom
    α. wisdom that God imparts to those who are close to God. Solomon (3 Km 5:9; Pr 1:2; Jos., Ant. 8, 168 ς. τοῦ Σ; AssMos Fgm. e [Denis p. 65]; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 45, 9) Mt 12:42; Lk 11:31; Stephen Ac 6:10; Paul 2 Pt 3:15; Pol 3:2; to those believers who are called to account for their faith Lk 21:15. The gift of unveiling secrets (2 Km 14:20; Da 1:17; 2:30. Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 27, 1 ἡ σοφία is necessary for the proper use of the oracles) Ac 7:10; Rv 13:18; 17:9. τὸν δεσπότην τὸν δόντα μοι τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the Lord, who gave me the wisdom to write this account GJs 25:1. Good judgment in the face of human and specif. Christian demands (practical) wisdom Ac 6:3; Col 4:5; Js 1:5; 3:13, 17 (for the view that ς. in Js 1:5; 3:17=πνεῦμα s. WBieder, TZ 5, ’49, 111). The apostle teaches people ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Col 1:28, and Christians are to do the same among themselves 3:16 (ἐν πάσῃ ς. also Eph 1:8; Col 1:9).—W. φρόνησις (q.v. 2) Eph 1:8. W. ἀποκάλυψις vs. 17. W. σύνεσις (Jos., Ant. 8, 49): σοφία καὶ σύνεσις πνευματική Col 1:9. σοφία, σύνεσις, ἐπιστήμη, γνῶσις (cp. Philo, Gig. 27) B 2:3; 21:5. σοφία καὶ νοῦς τῶν κρυφίων αὐτοῦ wisdom and understanding of his (i.e. the Lord’s) secrets 6:10.—As a spiritual gift the λόγος σοφίας (cp. Just., D. 121, 2) stands beside the λόγος γνώσεως 1 Cor 12:8 (s. γνῶσις 1 and cp. Aesopica 213, 1 P.: Τύχη ἐχαρίσατο αὐτῷ λόγον σοφίας). Paul differentiates betw. his preaching to unbelievers and immature Christians and σοφίαν λαλεῖν ἐν τοῖς τελείοις 2:6a; the latter he also calls λαλεῖν θεοῦ σοφίαν ἐν μυστηρίῳ set forth the wisdom that comes fr. God as a mystery vs. 7 (WBaird, Interpretation 13, ’59, 425–32).—The false teachers of Colossae consider that their convictions are σοφία Col 2:23.—JdeFinance, La σοφία chez St. Paul: RSR 25, ’35, 385–417.
    β. wisdom of Christ and of God
    א. Christ: of Jesus as a boy (s. ἡλικία 1b) Lk 2:40, 52. Of him as an adult Mt 13:54; Mk 6:2. Of the exalted Christ ἐν ᾧ εἰσιν πάντες οἱ θησαυροὶ τῆς σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως Col 2:3.—Rv 5:12. By metonymy Χρ. Ἰ., ὸ̔ς ἐγενήθη σοφία ἡμῖν ἀπὸ θεοῦ Christ Jesus, who has become a source of wisdom from God for us 1 Cor 1:30. This last makes a transition to
    ב. wisdom of God (Diog. L. 1, 28 σοφίᾳ πρῶτον εἶναι τὸν θεόν; Theoph. Ant. I, 6 [p. 70, 18] ς. τοῦ θεοῦ): revealed in his creation and rule of the world 1 Cor 1:21a, or in the measures intended to bring salvation to the believers Ro 11:33 (here w. γνῶσις; cp. TestJob 37:6 of God’s depth of wisdom); Eph 3:10; Hv 1, 3, 4 (w. πρόνοια).—Rv 7:12; 1 Cl 18:6 (Ps 50:8); B 16:9 (cp. δικαίωμα 1). Christ is called θεοῦ σοφία the embodiment of the wisdom of God 1 Cor 1:24 (cp. א above; Just., D. 61, 3 ὁ λόγος τῆς σοφίας; Diog. L. 9, 50 Protagoras is called Σοφία.—Lucian in Peregr. 11 speaks ironically of the θαυμαστὴ σοφία τῶν Χριστιανῶν. Orig., C. Cels. 6, 44, 27 τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ θεοῦ ὄντι δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ καὶ ς.)—UWilckens, Weisheit u. Torheit ( 1 Cor 1 and 2), ’59; FChrist, Jesus Sophia (synopt.) ’70.
    ② personified wisdom, Wisdom (Ael. Aristid. 45, 17 K. as a mediator betw. Sarapis and humans; perh.=Isis; AHöfler, D. Sarapishymnus des Ael. Aristid. ’35, 50 and 53f; the name of an aeon Iren. 1, 2, 3 [Harv. I 16, 5]; s. also Did., Gen, 213, 12). In connection w. Pr 1:23–33: 1 Cl 57:3 (λέγει ἡ πανάρετος σοφία), 5 (=Pr 1:29); 58:1. On ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία κτλ. Mt 11:19; Lk 7:35 cp. δικαιόω 2bα and Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 6, 394d ἡ σοφία καὶ τὰ ἔργα τὸ ἀπὸ ταύτης=wisdom and her fruits. ἡ σοφία τοῦ θεοῦ εἶπεν Lk 11:49 introduces a statement made by ‘wisdom’ (‘wisdom’ is variously explained in this connection; on the one hand, it is said to refer to the OT, or to an apocryphal book by this title [s. 3 below]; on the other hand, Jesus is thought of as proclaiming a decree of divine wisdom, or Lk is thinking of wisdom that Jesus has communicated to them at an earlier time).
    ③ a book titled ‘The Wisdom of God’, s. 2.—EBréhier, Les idées philosophiques et religieuses de Philon d’Alexandrie 1907, 115ff; JMeinhold, Die Weisheit Israels 1908; GHoennicke, RE XXI 1908, 64ff; HWindisch, Die göttl. Weisheit der Juden u. die paulin. Christologie: Heinrici Festschr. 1914, 220 ff; PHeinisch, Die persönl. Weisheit des ATs in religionsgesch. Beleuchtung2 1923; Bousset, Rel.3 343ff; FFerrari, Il Progresso religioso 8, 1928, 241–53; MTechert, La notion de la Sagesse dans les trois prem. siècles: Archiv. f. Gesch. d. Philos. n.s. 32, 1930, 1–27; WKnox, St. Paul and the Church of the Gentiles ’39, 55–89; BRigaux, NTS 4, ’57/58, esp. 252–57 (Qumran); HConzelmann, Pls. u. die Weisheit, NTS 12, ’66, 231–44; MSuggs, Wisdom, Christology, and Law in Mt, ’70. Other lit. in Schürer III/1, 198–212.—BGladigow, Sophia und Kosmos, Untersuchungen zur frühgeschichte von σοφό und σοφίη ’65.—DELG s.v. σοφό. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > σοφία

  • 11 καταναγιγνώσκω

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταναγιγνώσκω

  • 12 καταπυκάζω

    A cover over, Hsch. s.v. κατερρινωμένον ([voice] Pass.): metaph.,

    μύθοις τὴν ἱστορίαν Eust.1379.12

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταπυκάζω

  • 13 φύσις

    φύσις [pron. full] [ῠ], ἡ, gen. φύσεως, poet. φύσεος prob. (metri gr.) in E.Tr. 886, cf. Ar.V. 1282 (lyr.), 1458 (lyr.), [dialect] Ion. φύσιος: dual φύσει (
    A v.l. φύση) Pl.R. 410e, ([etym.] φύω):
    I origin,

    φ. οὐδενός ἐστιν ἁπάντων θνητῶν οὐδὲ.. τελευτή Emp.8.1

     (cf. Plu.2.1112a);

    φ. βούλονται λέγειν γένεσιν τὴν περὶ τὰ πρῶτα Pl.Lg. 892c

    ;

    ἡ φ. ἡ λεγομένη ὡς γένεσις ὁδός ἐστιν εἰς φύσιν Arist.Ph. 193b12

    ;

    φ. λέγεται ἡ τῶν φυομένων γένεσις Id.Metaph. 1014b16

    ; freq. of persons, birth,

    φύσει νεώτερος S.OC 1295

    , cf. Aj. 1301, etc.;

    φύσι γεγονότες εὖ Hdt.7.134

    ; φύσει, opp. θέσει (by adoption), D.L.9.25;

    φύσει Ἀμβρακιώτης, δημοποίητος δὲ Σικυώνιος Ath.4.183d

    ; so ὁ κατὰ φύσιν πατήρ, υἱός, ἀδελφός, Plb. 3.9.6, 3.12.3, 11.2.2; also in acc.,

    ἐκ πατρὸς ταὐτοῦ φύσιν S.El. 325

    ; ἢ φίλων τις ἢ πρὸς αἵματος φύσιν ib. 1125, cf. Isoc.3.42.
    2 growth, τριχῶν, παιδίου, Hp.Nat.Puer.20,29, cf. 27: pl.,

    γενειάσεις καὶ φύσεις κεράτων Plot.4.3.13

    .
    II the natural form or constitution of a person or thing as the result of growth (

    οἷον ἕκαστόν ἐστι τῆς γενέσεως τελεσθείσης, ταύτην φαμὲν τὴν φ. εἶναι ἑκάστου Arist.Pol. 1252b33

    ): hence,
    1 nature, constitution, once in Hom., καί μοι φύσιν αὐτοῦ (sc. τοῦ φαρμάκου)

    ἔδειξε Od.10.303

    ;

    φ. τῆς χώρης Hdt.2.5

    ;

    τῆς Ἀττικῆς X.Vect.1.2

    , cf. Oec.16.2, D.18.146, etc.;

    τῆς τριχός X.Eq.5.5

    ; αἵματος, ἀέρος, etc., Arist.PA 648a21, Mete. 340a36, etc.: pl.,

    φύσεις ἐγγιγνομένας καρπῶν καὶ δένδρων Isoc.7.74

    ;

    αἱ φ. καὶ δυνάμεις τῶν πολιτειῶν Id.12.134

    ;

    ἡ τῶν ἀριθμῶν φ. Pl.R. 525c

    ;

    ἡ τῶν πάντων φ. X.Mem.1.1.11

    , etc.;

    ἡ ἰδία τοῦ πράγματος φ. IG22.1099.28

     (Epist.Plotinae).
    2 outward form, appearance,

    μέζονας ἢ κατ' ἀνθρώπων φύσιν Hdt.8.38

    ; ἢ νόον ἤτοι φύσιν either in mind or outward form, Pi.N.6.5;

    οὐ γὰρ φ. Ὠαριωνείαν ἔλαχεν Id.I.4(3).49

     (67);

    μορφῆς δ' οὐχ ὁμόστολος φ. A.Supp. 496

    ;

    τὸν δὲ Λάϊον φύσιν τίν' εἶχε φράζε S.OT 740

     (read εἷρπε, taking φ. with ἔχων), cf. Tr. 379; δρακαίνης φ. ἔχουσαν ἀγρίαν prob. in E.Ba. 1358;

    τὴν ἐμὴν ἰδὼν φ. Ar.V. 1071

     (troch.), cf. Nu. 503;

    τὴν τοῦ σώματος φ. Isoc.9.75

    .
    3 Medic., constitution, temperament, Hp.Aph.3.2 (pl.), al.;

    ἡ φ. καὶ ἡ ἕξις Id.Acut.43

    ;

    φ. φύσιος καὶ ἡλικία ἡλικίης διαφέρει Id.Fract.7

    ;

    φύσιες νούσων ἰητροί Id.Epid.6.5.1

    .
    b natural place or position of a bone or joint, ἀποπηδᾶν ἀπὸ τῆς φ., ἐς τὴν φ. ἄγεσθαι, Id.Art.61, 62, al.;

    ὀστέον μένον ἐν τῇ ἑωυτοῦ φ. Id.VC5

    , al.;

    φύσιες τῶν ἄρθρων Id.Nat.Puer.17

    .
    4 of the mind, one's nature, character,

    ἦθος ἕκαστον, ὅπῃ φ. ἐστὶν ἑκάστῳ Emp.110.5

    ;

    εὐγενὴς γὰρ ἡ φ. κἀξ εὐγενῶν.. ἡ σή S.Ph. 874

    ; τὴν αὑτοῦ φ. λιπεῖν, δεῖξαι, ib. 902, 1310;

    φ. φρενός E.Med. 103

     (anap.);

    ἡ ἀνθρωπεία φ. Th.1.76

    ;

    φ. τῆς μορφῆς καὶ τῆς ψυχῆς X.Cyr.1.2.2

    ;

    ὀνόματι μεμπτὸν τὸ νόθον, ἡ φ. δ' ἴση E.Fr. 168

    ; φ. φιλόσοφος, τυραννική, etc., Pl.R. 410e, 576a, etc.;

    δεξιοὶ φύσιν A.Pr. 489

    ;

    ἀκμαῖοι φύσιν Id.Pers. 441

    ;

    τὸ γὰρ ἀποστῆναι χαλεπὸν φύσεος, ἣν ἔχοι τις Ar.V. 1458

     (lyr.), cf. 1282 (lyr.);

    Σόλων.. ἦν φιλόδημος τὴν φ. Id.Nu. 1187

    ;

    ἔνιοι ὄντες ὡς ἀληθῶς τοῦ δήμου τὴν φ. οὐ δημοτικοί εἰσι X.Ath.2.19

    ; φύσεως ἰσχύς force of natural powers, Th.1.138; φύσεως κακία badness of natural disposition, D.20.140;

    ἀγαθοὶ.. γίγνονται διὰ τριῶν, τὰ τρία δὲ ταῦτά ἐστι φ. ἔθος λόγος Arist. Pol. 1332a40

    ; χρῶ τῇ φύσει, i.e. give rein to your natural propensities, Ar.Nu. 1078, cf. Isoc.7.38;

    τῇ φ. χρώμενος Plu.Cor.18

    ;

    θείας κοινωνοὶ φ. 2 Ep.Pet.1.4

    : pl., Isoc.4.113, v.l. in E.Andr. 956;

    οἱ ἄριστοι τὰς φ. Pl.R. 526c

    , cf. 375b, al.: prov.,

    ἔθος, φασί, δευτέρη φ. Jul.Mis. 353a

    .
    b instinct in animals, etc., Democr.278;

    οὐκ ἐπιστήμῃ οὐδὲ τέχνῃ ἀλλὰ φύσει Herm.

     ap. Stob.1.41.6;

    ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις ζῴοις ἡ αἴσθησις τῇ φ. ἥνωται, ἐν δὲ ἀνθρώποις τῇ νοήσει Corp.Herm. 9.1

    , cf. 12.1.
    5 freq. in periphrases, καὶ γὰρ ἂν πέτρου φύσιν σύ γ' ὀργάνειας, i.e. would'st provoke a stone, S.OT 335;

    χθονὸς φ. A.Ag. 633

    ; esp. in Pl.,

    ἡ τοῦ πτεροῦ φ. Phdr. 251b

    ;

    ἡ φ. τῶν σωμάτων Smp. 186b

    ; ἡ φ. τῆς ἀσθενείας its natural weakness, Phd. 87e;

    ἡ τοῦ μυελοῦ φ. Ti. 84c

    ;

    ἡ τοῦ δικαίου φ. Lg. 862d

    , al.; ἡ φ., with gen. understood, Smp. 191a, Phd. 109e.
    III the regular order of nature,

    τύχη.. ἀβέβαιος, φ. δὲ αὐτάρκης Democr.176

    ;

    κατὰ φύσιν Pl.R. 444d

    , etc.; τρίχες κατὰ φύσιν πεφυκυῖαι growing naturally, Hdt.2.38, cf. Alex.156.7 (troch.);

    κατὰ φύσιν νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς Pi.Fr. 169

     (cf. Pl.Grg. 488b);

    κατὰ φ. ποιεῖν Heraclit.112

    ; opp. παρὰ φύσιν, E.Ph. 395, Th.6.17, etc.;

    παρὰ τὴν φ. Anaxipp.1.18

    ; προδότης ἐκ φύσεως a traitor by nature, Aeschin.2.165; πρὸ τῆς φ. ἥκειν εἰς θάνατον before the natural term, Plu.Comp.Dem.Cic.5: freq. in dat. φύσει (

    ἐν φ. Hp.

    Aër.14) by nature, naturally, opp. τύχῃ, τέχνῃ, Pl.Lg. 889b, cf. R. 381b;

    φύσει τοιοῦτος Ar.Pl. 275

    , cf. 279, al.;

    ὁ ἄνθρωπος φ. πολιτικὸν ζῷόν ἐστι Arist.Pol. 1253a3

    ; ὁ μὴ αὑτοῦ φ. ἀλλ' ἄλλου ἄνθρωπος ὤν, οὗτος φ. δοῦλός ἐστιν ib. 1254a15;

    φ. γὰρ οὐδεὶς δοῦλος ἐγενήθη ποτέ Philem.95.2

    ; opp. νόμῳ (by convention), Philol.9, Archelaus ap.D.L.2.16, Pl.Grg. 482e, cf. Prt. 337d, etc.;

    τὰ μὲν τῶν νόμων ὁμολογηθέντα, οὐ φύντ' ἐστίν, τὰ δὲ τῆς φύσεως φύντα, οὐχ ὁμολογηθέντα Antipho Soph.44

    Ai 32 (Vorsokr.5);

    ἅπας ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων βίος φύσει καὶ νόμοις διοικεῖται D.25.15

    ;

    τοὺς τῆς φ. οὐκ ἔστι λανθάνειν νόμους Men.Mon. 492

    ;

    οὐ σοφίᾳ, ἀλλὰ φύσει τινί Pl. Ap. 22c

    ;

    φ. μὴ πεφυκότα τοιαῦτα φωνεῖν S.Ph.79

    , cf. Pl.Phlb. 14c, etc.;

    φύσει πάντα πάντες ὁμοίως πεφύκαμεν καὶ βάρβαροι καὶ Ἕλληνες εἶναι Antipho Soph.44

     Bii 10 (Vorsokr.5); φύσιν ἔχει c. inf., it is natural, κῶς φύσιν ἔχει πολλὰς μυριάδας φονεῦσαι (sc. τὸν Ἡρακλέα); Hdt.2.45, cf. Pl.R. 473a; οὐκ ἔχει φύσιν it is contrary to nature, ib. 489b;

    οὔτ' εὔλογον οὔτ' ἔχον ἐστὶ φύσιν D.2.26

    ;

    τὸ τόλμημα φύσιν οὐκ ἔχει Polem.Call.36

    .
    IV in Philosophy:
    1 nature as an originating power,

    φ. λέγεται.. ὅθεν ἡ κίνησις ἡ πρώτη ἐν ἑκάστῳ τῶν φύσει ὄντων Arist.Metaph. 1014b16

    ;

    ὁ δὲ θεὸς καὶ ἡ φ. οὐδὲν μάτην ποιοῦσιν Id.Cael. 271a33

    ; ἡ δὲ φ. οὐδὲν ἀλόγως οὐδὲ μάτην ποιεῖ ib. 291b13;

    ἡ μὲν τέχνη ἀρχὴ ἐν ἄλλῳ, ἡ δὲ φ. ἀρχὴ ἐν αὐτῷ Id.Metaph. 1070a8

    , cf. Mete. 381b5, etc.;

    φ. κρύπτεσθαι φιλεῖ Heraclit.123

    ;

    ἡ γοητεία τῆς φ. Plot.4.4.44

    ; φ. κοινή, the principle of growth in the universe, Cleanth.Stoic.1.126; as Stoic t.t., the inner fire which causes preservation and growth in plants and animals, defined as πῦρ τεχνικὸν ὁδῷ βαδίζον εἰς γένεσιν, Stoic.1.44, cf. 35, al., S.E.M.9.81; Nature, personified,

    χάρις τῇ μακαρίᾳ Φ. Epicur.Fr. 469

    ;

    Φ. καὶ Εἱμαρμένη καὶ Ἀνάγκη Phld. Piet.12

    ;

    ἡ κατωφερὴς Φ. Corp.Herm.1.14

    .
    2 elementary substance,

    κινδυνεύει ὁ λέγων ταῦτα πῦρ καὶ ὕδωρ καὶ γῆν καὶ ἀέρα πρῶτα ἡγεῖσθαι τῶν πάντων εἶναι καὶ τὴν φ. ὀνομάζειν αὐτὰ ταῦτα Pl.Lg. 891c

    , cf. Arist.Fr.52 (defined as

    τὴν πρώτην οὐσίαν.. ὑποβεβλημένην ἅπασι τοῖς γεννητοῖς καὶ φθαρτοῖς σώμασι Gal.15.3

    );

    τῶν φύσει ὄντων τὰ στοιχεῖά φασιν εἶναι φύσιν Arist.Metaph. 1014b33

    : pl., Epicur.Ep. 1p.6U., al.;

    ἄτομοι φ.

     atoms,

    Democr.

     ap. Diog.Oen.5, Epicur.Ep. 1p.7U.;

    ἄφθαρτοι φ. Phld.Piet.83

    .
    3 concrete, the creation, 'Nature',

    ἀθανάτου.. φύσεως κόσμον ἀγήρων E.Fr. 910

     (anap.);

    περὶ φύσεώς τε καὶ τῶν μετεώρων ἀστρονομικὰ ἄττα διερωτᾶν Pl.Prt. 315c

    ; περὶ φύσεως, title of works by Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Gorgias, Epicurus, etc.;

    [σοφία] ἣν δὴ καλοῦσι περὶ φύσεως ἱστορίαν Pl.Phd. 96a

    ;

    περὶ φ. ἀφοριζόμενοι διεχώριζον ζῴων τε βίον δένδρων τε φύσιν λαχάνων τε γένη Epicr.11.13

     (anap.); so later,

    ἡ φ. τὸ ὑπὸ ψυχῆς τῆς πάσης ταχθέν Plot.2.2.1

    ;

    τὰ στοιχεῖα τῆς φ. Corp.Herm.1.8

    ; αἱ δύο φ., i.e. heaven and earth, light and darkness, etc., PMag.Leid.W.6.42.
    4 Pythag. name for two, Theol.Ar.12.
    V as a concrete term, creature, freq. in collect. sense, θνητὴ φ. mankind, S.Fr. 590 (anap.), cf. OT 869 (lyr.); πόντου εἰναλία φ. the creatures of the sea, Id.Ant. 345 (lyr.);

    ὃ πᾶσα φ. διώκειν πέφυκε Pl.R. 359c

    , cf. Plt. 272c; ἡ τῶν θηλειῶν φ. woman- kind (opp. τὸ ἄρρεν φῦλον) X.Lac.3.4: also in pl., S.OT 674, Pl.R. 588c, Plt. 306e, X.Oec.13.9; in contemptuous sense, αἱ τοιαῦται φ. such creatures as these, Isoc.4.113, cf. 20.11, Aeschin.1.191.
    b of plants or material substances,

    φ. εὐώδεις καρποφοροῦσαι D.S.2.49

    ;

    ὑγράν τινα φ. καπνὸν ἀποδιδοῦσαν Corp.Herm. 1.4

    .
    VI kind, sort, species,

    ταύτην.. ἔχειν βιοτῆς.. φύσιν S.Ph. 165

     (anap.);

    ἐκλέγονται ἐκ τούτων χρημάτων μίαν φ. τὴν τῶν λευκῶν Pl.R. 429d

    ; φ. [ἀλωπεκίδων] species, X.Cyn.3.1; natural group or class of plants, Thphr.HP6.1.1 (pl.).
    VII sex, θῆλυς φῦσα (prob. for οὖσα)

    κοὐκ ἀνδρὸς φύσιν S.Tr. 1062

    , cf. OC 445, Th.2.45, Pl.Lg. 770d, 944d: hence,
    2 the characteristic of sex, = αἰδοῖον, Tab.Defix. 89a6 (iv B.C.), Nic.Fr.107, D.S.32.10, S.E.M.1.150, etc.: esp. of the female organ, Hp.Mul.2.143, Ant.Lib.41, Artem.5.63, PMag.Osl.1.83,324, Horap. 1.11: pl., τῶν δύοφ., of the testes, Sch.Ar.Lys.92, cf. PMag.Par.1.318.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φύσις

  • 14 κατά

    κατά (Hom.+) prep. (s. the lit. s.v. ἀνά beg., also LfgrE s.v. κατά 1346; with the gen. 74 times in NT; w. acc. 391 times in NT).
    A. w. the gen.
    ⓐ of location that is relatively lower, down from someth. (Hom. et al.; LXX; Ath. 1, 4 κ. κόρρης προπηλακίζειν=to smack on one side of the head) ὁρμᾶν κ. τοῦ κρημνοῦ rush down (from) the bank (cp. Polyb. 38, 16, 7 κ. τῶν κρημνῶν ῥίπτειν; Jos., Bell. 1, 313) Mt 8:32; Mk 5:13; Lk 8:33. κ. κεφαλῆς ἔχειν have someth. on one’s head (lit. hanging down fr. the head, as a veil. Cp. Plut., Mor. 200f ἐβάδιζε κ. τῆς κεφαλῆς ἔχων τὸ ἱμάτιον.; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 499, 5 of a mummy ἔχων τάβλαν κ. τοῦ τραχήλου) 1 Cor 11:4.
    ⓑ of position relatively deep, into someth. (Od. 9, 330 κ. σπείους ‘into the depths of the cave’; Hdt. 7, 235; X., An. 7, 1, 30) ἡ κ. βάθους πτωχεία extreme (lit. ‘reaching down into the depths’; cp. Strabo 9, 3, 5 [419] ἄντρον κοῖλον κ. βάθους) or abysmal poverty 2 Cor 8:2. This may perh. be the mng. of πλήσσειν τινὰ κ. τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν strike someone deep into the eyes ApcPt 11:26 (cp. Demosth. 19, 197 ξαίνει κ. τοῦ νώτου; PPetr II, 18 [2b], 15 [246 B.C.] ἔτυπτεν αὐτὸν κ. τοῦ τραχήλου).—κ. γαστρός Just., D. 78, 3 for ἐν γαστρί Mt 1:18 (cp. Ath. 35, 2 τὸ κ. γαστρὸς ζῶον εἶναι).
    ⓒ extension in various directions within an area, throughout (so in Luke’s writings; Polyb. 3, 19, 7 κ. τῆς νήσου διεσπάρησαν; PGiss 48, 8 κ. κυριακῆς γῆς; Jos., Ant. 8, 297; SibOr 3, 222; 4, 24; 5, 305) γνωστὸν γενέσθαι καθʼ ὅλης Ἰόππης become known throughout all Joppa Ac 9:42. καθʼ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας 9:31; 10:37; Lk 23:5. φήμη ἐξῆλθεν καθʼ ὅλης τῆς περιχώρου 4:14.
    ② down upon, toward, against someone or someth, fig. ext. of 1.
    ⓐ w. verbs of swearing, to denote what one swears by (Thu. 5, 47, 8; Lysias 32, 13; Isaeus 7, 28; Demosth. 21, 119; 29, 26; SIG 526, 4ff; 685, 25; UPZ 110, 39 [164 B.C.]; BGU 248, 13; Jdth 1:12; Is 45:23; 2 Ch 36:13) by ἐξορκίζειν (q.v.) Mt 26:63. ὀμνύναι (q.v.) Hb 6:13, 16. ὁρκίζειν (q.v.) Hs 9, 10, 5. Sim. ἐρωτᾶν κ. τινος request, entreat by someone Hv 3, 2, 3.
    ⓑ in a hostile sense, against
    α. after verbs that express hostile action, etc. διχάζειν Mt 10:35. ἐπαίρεσθαι 2 Cor 10:5. ἰσχύειν Ac 19:16. κακοῦν 14:2. στρατεύεσθαι 1 Pt 2:11. φυσιοῦσθαι 1 Cor 4:6
    β. after words and expressions that designate hostile speech, esp. an accusation ἔχειν (τι) κ. τινος have or hold someth. against someone Rv 2:4, 14, 20. φέρειν J 18:29. ἐγκαλεῖν Ro 8:33. ἐντυγχάνειν τινὶ κ. τινος 11:2 (TestJob 17:5). κατηγορεῖν Lk 23:14. ποιεῖν κρίσιν Jd 15a. τὸ κ. ἡμῶν χειρόγραφον the bond that stands against us Col 2:14. ἐμφανίζειν Ac 24:1; 25:2. αἰτεῖσθαί τι 25:3, 15. αἱ κ. τινος αἰτίαι vs. 27. εἰπεῖν πονηρόν Mt 5:11 (cp. Soph., Phil. 65 κακὰ λέγειν κ. τινος. X., Hell. 1, 5, 2; Isocr., C. Nic. 13; Plut., Mor. 2a λέγειν κ.; SIG 1180, 1 λέγειν κ. τινος; Just., A I, 23, 3; 49, 6 κ. τῶν … ὁμολογούντων). λαλεῖν ῥήματα Ac 6:13; cp. Jd 15b (TestDan 4:3; JosAs 23:15). μαρτυρεῖν κ. τ. θεοῦ give testimony in contradiction to God 1 Cor 15:15. ζητεῖν μαρτυρίαν κ. τινος testimony against someone Mk 14:55. ψευδομαρτυρεῖν 14:56f. ψευδομαρτυρία Mt 26:59. γογγύζειν 20:11. στενάζειν Js 5:9. διδάσκειν Ac 21:28. συμβούλιον διδόναι (ποιεῖν v.l.) Mk 3:6; ς. λαβεῖν Mt 27:1. ψεύδεσθαι Js 3:14 (Lysias 22, 7; X., Ap. 13; Ath. 35, 1 καθʼ ἡμῶν … κατεψεύσατο).
    γ. after expressions that designate such a position or state of mind in a different way εἶναι κ. τινος be against someone (opp. ὑπέρ) Mk 9:40 (WNestle, ZNW 13, 1912, 84–87; AFridrichsen, ibid., 273–80); Ro 8:31; (opp. μετά) Mt 12:30; Lk 11:23. δύνασθαί τι κ. τινος be able to do someth. against someone 2 Cor 13:8. ἔχειν τι κ. τινος have someth. against someone (in one’s heart) Mt 5:23; Mk 11:25; Hs 9, 24, 2; cp. ibid. 23, 2, where the acc. is to be supplied. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν J 19:11. ἐπιθυμεῖν Gal 5:17. μερίζεσθαι καθʼ ἑαυτῆς Mt 12:25. Cp. 1 Cl 39:4 (Job 4:18).—κατά prob. means against also in ἔβαλεν κατʼ αὐτῆς ἄνεμος Ac 27:14. ἐτελείωσαν κ. τ. κεφαλῆς αὐτῶν τὰ ἁμαρτήματα they completed the full measure of sins against their own head GPt 5:17.
    B. w. acc. (so in the NT 399 times [besides καθʼ εἷς and κατὰ εἷς])
    ⓐ of extension in space, along, over, through, in, upon (Hom. et al.; OGI 90, 7 ἐκ τῶν κ. τ. χώραν ἱερῶν; PHib 82, 19; PTebt 5, 188; LXX; Just.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 5) Ac 24:12. καθʼ ὅλην τ. πόλιν throughout the city Lk 8:39 (cp. Diod S 4, 10, 6 καθʼ ὅλην τὴν Ἐλλάδα). ἐγένετο λιμὸς κ. τὴν χώραν ἐκείνην 15:14. κ. τὰς κώμας 9:6. κ. πόλεις καὶ κώμας 13:22 (Appian., Maced. 9 §1 and 4 κ. πόλεις; Just., A I, 67, 3 κ. πόλεις ἢ ἀγρούς).—κ. τόπους in place after place Mt 24:7; Mk 13:8; Lk 21:11 (Theophr., περὶ σημ. 1, 4 p. 389 W.; Cat. Cod. Astr. III 28, 11 ἐν μέρει τ. ἀνατολῆς κ. τόπους, VIII/3, 186, 1 λιμὸς καὶ λοιμὸς καὶ σφαγαὶ κ. τόπους). οἱ ὄντες κ. τὴν Ἰουδαίαν those throughout Judea or living in Judea Ac 11:1. διασπαρῆναι κ. τὰς χώρας τῆς Ἰουδαίας be scattered over the regions of Judea 8:1. κ. τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν in the congregation there 13:1. τοῖς κ. τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν καὶ Συρίαν καὶ Κιλικίαν ἀδελφοῖς 15:23. τοὺς κ. τὰ ἔθνη Ἰουδαίους the Judeans (dispersed) throughout the nations 21:21. τοῖς κ. τὸν νόμον γεγραμμένοις throughout the law = in the law 24:14b. κ. τὴν ὁδόν along or on the way (Lucian, Catapl. 4; Jos., Ant. 8, 404) Lk 10:4; Ac 25:3; 26:13. τὸ κ. Κιλικίαν καὶ Παμφυλίαν πέλαγος the sea along the coast of Cilicia and Pamphylia 27:5; but the geographical designation τὰ μέρη τ. Λιβύης τῆς κ. Κυρήνην 2:10 prob. belongs to b: the parts of Libya toward Cyrene.
    ⓑ of extension toward, toward, to, up to ἐλθεῖν (γίνεσθαι v.l.) κ. τὸν τόπον come up to the place (Jos., Vi. 283) Lk 10:32. ἐλθόντες κ. τὴν Μυσίαν to Mysia Ac 16:7; cp. 27:7. πορεύεσθαι κ. μεσημβρίαν (s. μεσημβρία 2) toward the south 8:26 (cp. Jos., Bell. 5, 505). κ. σκοπὸν διώκειν run (over the course) toward the goal Phil 3:14. λιμὴν βλέπων κ. λίβα καὶ κ. χῶρον a harbor open to the southwest and northwest Ac 27:12 (s. βλέπω 8).—κ. πρόσωπον to the face (cp. Jos., Ant. 5, 205) Gal 2:11. ἔχειν τινὰ κ. πρόσωπον meet someone face to face (Thieme 19 has reff. for the use of κατὰ πρόσωπον as a legal formula) Ac 25:16. κ. πρόσωπον ταπεινός humble when personally present 2 Cor 10:1. κ. πρόσωπόν τινος in the presence of someone Lk 2:31; Ac 3:13. τὰ κ. πρόσωπον what lies before one’s eyes, i.e. is obvious 2 Cor 10:7. κ. ὀφθαλμοὺς προγράφειν portray before one’s eyes Gal 3:1.
    ⓒ of isolation or separateness, by (Thu. 1, 138, 6 οἱ καθʼ ἑαυτοὺς Ἕλληνες ‘the Greeks by themselves’; Polyb. 1, 24, 4; 5, 78, 3; 11, 17, 6; Diod S 13, 72, 8; Gen 30:40; 43:32; 2 Macc 13:13; Philo, Migr. Abr. 87; 90; Just., D. 4, 5 αὐτὴ καθʼ ἑαυτήν γενομένη; Tat. 13, 1 ἡ ψυχὴ καθʼ ἑαυτήν; Ath. 15, 2 ὁ πηλὸς καθʼ ἑαυτόν) ἔχειν τι καθʼ ἑαυτόν keep someth. to oneself Ro 14:22 (cp. Jos., Ant. 2, 255; Heliod. 7, 16, 1). καθʼ ἑαυτὸν μένειν live by oneself of the private dwelling of Paul in Rome Ac 28:16. πίστις νεκρὰ καθʼ ἑαυτήν faith by itself is dead Js 2:17 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 3, 43 τὸ σῶμα καθʼ αὑτὸ νεκρόν ἐστιν). ἡ κατʼ οἶκον ἐκκλησία the congregation in the house Ro 16:5; 1 Cor 16:19. κατʼ ἰδίαν s. ἴδιος 5. κ. μόνας (Thu. 1, 32, 5; Menand., Epitr. 988 S. [658 Kö.], Fgm. 146 Kö. [158 Kock]; Polyb. 4, 15, 11; Diod S 4, 51, 16; BGU 813, 15 [s. APF 2, 1903, 97]; LXX) alone, by oneself Mk 4:10; Lk 9:18; Hm 11:8 (here, as well as BGU loc. cit. and LXX, written as one word καταμόνας).
    ⓓ of places viewed serially, distributive use w. acc., x by x (Arrian., Anab. 4, 21, 10 κ. σκηνήν=tent by tent) or from x to x: κατʼ οἶκον from house to house (PLond III, 904, 20 p. 125 [104 A.D.] ἡ κατʼ οἰκίαν ἀπογραφή) Ac 2:46b; 5:42 (both in ref. to various house assemblies or congregations; w. less probability NRSV ‘at home’); cp. 20:20. Likew. the pl. κ. τοὺς οἴκους εἰσπορευόμενος 8:3. κ. τὰς συναγωγάς 22:19. κ. πόλιν (Jos., Ant. 6, 73) from city to city IRo 9:3, but in every (single) city Ac 15:21; 20:23; Tit 1:5. Also κ. πόλιν πᾶσαν (cp. Herodian 1, 14, 9) Ac 15:36; κ. πᾶσαν πόλιν 20:23 D. κ. πόλιν καὶ κώμην Lk 8:1; cp. vs. 4.
    ② marker of temporal aspect (Hdt. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, apolog.)
    ⓐ in definite indications of time: at, on, during (Hdt. 8, 17; Polemon Soph. B 43 Reader κατʼ ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν ‘in the course of that day’) κατʼ ἀρχάς in the beginning (cp. ἀρχή 1b) Hb 1:10 (Ps 101:26). κ. τὴν ἡμέραν τοῦ πειρασμοῦ in the day of trial 3:8 (Ps 94:8.—Cp. Antig. Car. 173 κ. τὸν σπόρου καιρόν). νεκροῦ … ἀνάστασιν κατʼ αὐτὸν γεγονυῖαν ἱστορεῖ (Papias) reports that a resurrection from the dead occurred in his time Papias (2, 9; so, with personal names, Hdt.; Just., D. 23, 1 τοῦ θεοῦ … τοῦ κ. τὸν Ἐνώχ; Tat. 31, 2 Θεαγένης … κ. Καμβύσην γεγονώς). Of the future: κ. τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον at that time, then Ro 9:9 (Gen 18:10). Of the past: κ. ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρόν at that time, then (2 Macc 3:5; TestJos 12:1; Jos., Ant. 8, 266; cp. κατʼ ἐκεῖνο τοῦ καιροῦ Konon: 26 Fgm. 3 p. 191, 25 Jac.; Just., A I, 17, 2; 26, 3 al.) Ac 12:1; 19:23. κ. καιρόν at that time, then Ro 5:6 (Just., D. 132, 1; cp. OGI 90, 28 καθʼ ὸ̔ν καιρόν), unless καιρός here means the right time (s. καιρός 1b end). κατʼ ὄναρ (as καθʼ ὕπνον Gen 20:6; Just., D 60, 5 κ. τοὺς ὕπνους) during a dream, in a dream Mt 1:20; 2:12 (s. s.v. ὄναρ for ins).
    ⓑ with indefinite indications of time: toward, about κ. τὸ μεσονύκτιον about midnight Ac 16:25; cp. 27:27.—8:26 (s. μεσημβρία 1).
    ⓒ distributively (cp. 1d): x period by x period: κατʼ ἔτος every year (s. ἔτος) Lk 2:41. Also κατʼ ἐνιαυτόν (s. ἐνιαυτός 1) Hb 9:25; 10:1, 3. καθʼ ἡμέραν daily, every day (s. ἡμέρα 2c) Mt 26:55; Mk 14:49; Lk 16:19; 22:53; Ac 2:46f; 3:2; 16:5; 17:11; 19:9; 1 Cor 15:31; Hb 7:27; 10:11. Also τὸ καθʼ ἡμέραν (s. ἡμέρα 2c) Lk 11:3; 19:47; Ac 17:11 v.l. ἡ ἐπίστασις ἡ καθʼ ἡμέραν (s. ἐπίστασις) 2 Cor 11:28. κ. πᾶσαν ἡμέραν every day (Jos., Ant. 6, 49) Ac 17:7. Also καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν (s. ἡμέρα 2c) Hb 3:13. κ. μίαν σαββάτου on the first day of every week 1 Cor 16:2. κ. πᾶν σάββατον every Sabbath Ac 13:27; 15:21b; 18:4. κ. μῆνα ἕκαστον each month Rv 22:2 (κ. μῆνα as SIG 153, 65; POxy 275, 18; 2 Macc 6:7). κ. ἑορτήν at each festival Mt 27:15; Mk 15:6.
    ③ marker of division of a greater whole into individual parts, at a time, in detail, distributive use apart from indications of place (s. above 1d) and time (s. 2c)
    ⓐ w. numerals: κ. δύο ἢ τὸ πλεῖστον τρεῖς two or, at the most, three at a time (i.e. in any one meeting, cp. ἀνὰ μέρος) 1 Cor 14:27 (Dio Chrys. 80 [30], 42 κ. δύο καὶ τρεῖς; Jos., Ant. 3, 142 κ. ἕξ; 5, 172 κ. δύο καὶ τρεῖς). καθʼ ἕνα (on this and the foll. s. εἷς 5e) singly, one after the other vs. 31. κ. ἕνα λίθον each individual stone Hs 9, 3, 5; καθʼ ἕνα λίθον 9, 6, 3. κ. ἓν ἕκαστον one by one, in detail Ac 21:19; 1 Cl 32:1 (Ath. 28, 4 καθʼ ἕκαστον). εἷς καθʼ εἷς Mk 14:19; J 8:9; cp. Ro 12:5 (B-D-F §305; Rob. 460). κ. ἑκατὸν καὶ κ. πεντήκοντα in hundreds and in fifties Mk 6:40.
    ⓑ περί τινος λέγειν κ. μέρος speak of someth. in detail Hb 9:5 (s. μέρος 1c). κατʼ ὄνομα (each one) by name (ἀσπάζομαι … τοὺς ἐνοίκους πάντες κα[τʼ] ὄνομα PTebt [III A.D.] 422, 11–16; Jos., Vi. 86) J 10:3; 3J 15 (cp. BGU 27, 18); ISm 13:2.
    ④ marker of intention or goal, for the purpose of, for, to (Thu. 6, 31, 1 κ. θέαν ἥκειν=to look at something; cp. Sb 7263, 6 [254 B.C.]; X., An. 3, 5, 2 καθʼ ἁρπαγὴν ἐσκεδασμένοι; Arrian, Anab. 1, 17, 12; 4, 5, 1; 21, 9; 6, 17, 6; 26, 2; Lucian, Ver. Hist. 2, 29; Anton. Lib., Fab. 24, 1 Δημήτηρ ἐπῄει γῆν ἅπασαν κ. ζήτησιν τῆς θυγατρός; 38; Jdth 11:19) κ. τὸν καθαρισμὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων for the Jewish ceremonial purification J 2:6. κατὰ ἀτιμίαν λέγω to my shame 2 Cor 11:21 (cp. Jos., Ant. 3, 268 κ. τιμὴν τ. θεοῦ τοῦτο ποιῶν). ἀπόστολος … κ. πίστιν … καὶ ἐπίγνωσιν an apostle … for the faith … and the knowledge Tit 1:1 (but the mng. ‘in accordance with’ is also prob.).
    ⑤ marker of norm of similarity or homogeneity, according to, in accordance with, in conformity with, according to
    ⓐ to introduce the norm which governs someth.
    α. the norm of the law, etc. (OGI 56, 33; Mitt-Wilck., I/2, 352, 11 κ. τὰ κελευσθέντα [as Just., D. 78, 7]; POxy 37 II, 8) κ. τὸν νόμον (Jos., Ant. 14, 173; 15, 51; Just., D. 10, 1 al.; Ath. 31, 1; κ. τοὺς νόμους Ἀρεοπαγείτης, letter of MAurelius: ZPE 8, ’71, 169, ln. 27) Lk 2:22; J 18:31; 19:7; Hb 7:5. τὰ κ. τ. νόμον what is to be done according to the law Lk 2:39 (cp. EpArist 32). κ. τὸ ὡρισμένον in accordance w. what has been determined 22:22. Cp. 1:9; 2:24, 27, 42; Ac 17:2; 22:3. κ. τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου Ro 2:16; 16:25a; 2 Ti 2:8. κ. τὸ εἰρημένον Ro 4:18 (cp. Ath. 28, 1 κ. τὰ προειρημένα). κ. τὰς γραφάς (Just., D. 82, 4; cp. Paus. 6, 21, 10 κ. τὰ ἔπη=according to the epic poems; Just., A I, 32, 14 κ. τὸ λόγιον, D. 67, 1 κ. τὴν προφητείαν ταύτην) 1 Cor 15:3; cp. Js 2:8. κ. τὴν παράδοσιν Mk 7:5 (Tat. 39, 1 κ. τὴν Ἑλλήνων παράδοσιν).—κ. λόγον as one wishes (exx. in Dssm., B 209 [not in BS]; also PEleph 13, 1; 3 Macc 3:14) Ac 18:14 (though 5bβ below is also prob.).—It can also stand simply w. the acc. of the pers. according to whose will, pleasure, or manner someth. occurs κ. θεόν (cp. Socrat., Ep. 14, 5 κ. θεόν; 26, 2; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 4 p. 332, 1 Jac. and Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 84 §352 κ. δαίμονα; Jos., Ant. 4, 143 ὁ κ. τοῦτον[=θεόν] βίος; Just., D. 5, 1 κ. τινας … Πλατωνικούς; Tat. 1, 3 κ. … τὸν κωμικόν) Ro 8:27; 2 Cor 7:9–11; κ. Χριστὸν Ἰ. Ro 15:5. κ. κύριον 2 Cor 11:17. Cp. 1 Pt 1:15. κ. τ. Ἕλληνας in the manner of the Greeks, i.e. polytheists PtK 2, p. 14, 1; 7. κ. Ἰουδαίους ln. 25.
    β. the norm according to which a judgment is rendered, or rewards or punishments are given ἀποδοῦναι τινι κ. τ. πρᾶξιν or ἔργα αὐτοῦ (Ps 61:13; Pr 24:12; Just., A I, 12, 1; 17, 4 al.; κατʼ ἀξίαν τῶν πράξεων) Mt 16:27; Ro 2:6; 2 Ti 4:14; Rv 2:23. μισθὸν λήμψεται κ. τ. ἴδιον κόπον 1 Cor 3:8. κρίνειν κ. τι J 7:24; 8:15; 1 Pt 1:17; cp. Ro 2:2.
    γ. of a standard of any other kind κ. τ. χρόνον ὸ̔ν ἠκρίβωσεν in accordance w. the time which he had ascertained Mt 2:16. κ. τ. πίστιν ὑμῶν acc. to your faith 9:29. κ. τ. δύναμιν acc. to his capability 25:15 (Just., D. 139, 4; Tat. 12, 3; cp. Just., A II, 13, 6 κ. δύναμιν). Cp. Lk 1:38; 2:29; Ro 8:4; 10:2; Eph 4:7. ἀνὴρ κ. τ. καρδίαν μου Ac 13:22 (καρδία 1bε).
    δ. Oft. the norm is at the same time the reason, so that in accordance with and because of are merged: οἱ κ. πρόθεσιν κλητοί Ro 8:28. κατʼ ἐπιταγὴν θεοῦ 16:26; 1 Ti 1:1; Tit 1:3. κ. ἀποκάλυψιν Eph 3:3 (Just., D. 78, 2). οἱ καθʼ ὑπομονὴν ἔργου ἀγαθοῦ Ro 2:7. κατʼ ἐκλογήν 11:5 (Just., D. 49, 1). Cp. κ. τὴν βουλήν Eph 1:11 (Just., A I, 63, 16 al.); 2 Th 2:9; Hb 7:16. κ. τί γνώσομαι τοῦτο; by what shall I know this? (cp. Gen 15:8) Lk 1:18.—Instead of ‘in accordance w.’ κ. can mean simply because of, as a result of, on the basis of (Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 219 D.: κ. τοὺς νόμους; Jos., Ant. 1, 259; 278; Just., A I, 54, 1 κατʼ ἐνέργειαν τῶν φαύλων δαιμόνων; Ath. 7, 1 κ. συμπάθειαν τῆς παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ πνοῆς; 32, 1 κ. χρησμόν). κ. πᾶσαν αἰτίαν for any and every reason (αἰτία 1) Mt 19:3. κ. ἀποκάλυψιν Gal 2:2. Cp. Ro 2:5; 1 Cor 12:8 (κ. τ. πνεῦμα = διὰ τοῦ πν.); Eph 1:5; 4:22b; Phil 4:11; 1 Ti 5:21; 2 Ti 1:9; Tit 3:5; κ. ἀνάγκην Phlm 14 (Ar. 1, 2; 4, 2 al.; Just., A I, 30, 1; 61, 10; Ath. 24, 2); IPol 1:3. ὁ κ. τὸ πολὺ αὐτοῦ ἔλεος ἀναγεννήσας ἡμᾶς 1 Pt 1:3.—καθʼ ὅσον (Thu. 4, 18, 4) in so far as, inasmuch as Hb 3:3. καθʼ ὅσον …, κ. τοσοῦτο in so far as …, just so far (Lysias 31, 8; Galen, De Dignosc. Puls. 3, 2, VIII 892 K.) 7:20, 22.
    ⓑ as a periphrasis to express equality, similarity, or example in accordance with, just as, similar(ly) to (TestJob 32:6 τίς γὰρ κ. σε ἐν μέσῳ τῶν τέκνων σου; Tat. 25, 1 κ. … τὸν Πρωτέα like Proteus; schol. on Nicander, Ther. 50: sheep are not burden-bearers κ. τοὺς ὄνους=as donkeys are).
    α. κ. τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν μὴ ποιεῖτε do not do as they do Mt 23:3. κ. Ἰσαάκ just as Isaac Gal 4:28. κ. θεὸν κτισθείς Eph 4:24 (Synes., Prov. 2, 2 p. 118c κ. θεόν=just as a god). Cp. Col 3:10. κ. τὸν τύπον Hb 8:5 (Ex 25:40; Mel., P. 58, 424 [νόμον v.l.]). Cp. 5:6 (Ps 109:4); 8:9 (Jer 38: 32); Js 3:9.—κ. τὰ αὐτά in (just) the same way (OGI 56, 66; PEleph 2, 6; 1 Macc 8:27; 12:2; Just., D. 1, 2; 3, 5; 113, 3) Lk 6:23, 26; 17:30; Dg 3:1. On the other hand, the sing. κ. τὸ αὐτό Ac 14:1 means together (marriage contract PEleph 1, 5 [IV B.C.] εἶναι ἡμᾶς κ. ταὐτό; 1 Km 11:11). καθʼ ὸ̔ν τρόπον just as (2 Macc 6:20; 4 Macc 14:17) Ac 15:11; 27:25. καθʼ ὅσον …, οὕτως (just) as …, so Hb 9:27. κ. πάντα τρόπον in every way (PSI 520, 16 [250 B.C.]; PCairZen 631, 2; 3 Macc 3:24) Ro 3:2. κ. μηδένα τρόπον (PMagd 14, 9 [221 B.C.]; PRein 7, 31; 3 Macc 4:13; 4 Macc 4:24; Just., D. 35, 7; s. Reader, Polemo 262) 2 Th 2:3. Cp. Johannessohn, Kasus, 1910, 82. κατά w. acc. serves in general
    β. to indicate the nature, kind, peculiarity or characteristics of a thing (freq. as a periphrasis for the adv.; e.g. Antiochus of Syracuse [V B.C.]: 555 Fgm. 12 Jac. κ. μῖσος=out of hate, filled with hate) κατʼ ἐξουσίαν with authority or power Mk 1:27. κ. συγκυρίαν by chance Lk 10:31. κ. ἄγνοιαν without knowing Ac 3:17 (s. ἄγνοια 2a). κ. ἄνθρωπον 1 Cor 3:3 al. (s. Straub 15; Aeschyl., Th. 425; ἄνθρωπος 2b). κ. κράτος powerfully, Ac 19:20 (κράτος 1a). κ. λόγον reasonably, rightly (Pla.; Polyb. 1, 62, 4; 5; 5, 110, 10; Jos., Ant. 13, 195; PYale 42, 24 [12 Jan., 229 B.C.]) 18:14 (but s. above 5aα). λέγειν τι κ. συγγνώμην οὐ κατʼ ἐπιταγήν say someth. as a concession, not as a command 1 Cor 7:6; cp. 2 Cor 8:8. κ. τάξιν in (an) order(ly manner) 1 Cor 14:40 (τάξις 2). κατʼ ὀφθαλμοδουλίαν with eye-service Eph 6:6. μηδὲν κατʼ ἐριθείαν μηδὲ κ. κενοδοξίαν Phil 2:3. κ. ζῆλος zealously 3:6a, unless this pass. belongs under 6 below, in its entirety. κ. σάρκα on the physical plane Ro 8:12f; 2 Cor 1:17; also 5:16ab, if here κ. ς. belongs w. οἴδαμεν or ἐγνώκαμεν (as Bachmann, JWeiss, H-D Wendland, Sickenberger take it; s. 7a below). καθʼ ὑπερβολήν (PTebt 42, 5f [c. 114 B.C.] ἠδικημένος καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπὸ, Ἁρμιύσιος; 4 Macc 3:18) beyond measure, beyond comparison Ro 7:13; 1 Cor 12:31; 2 Cor 4:17. καθʼ ὁμοιότητα (Aristot.; Gen 1:12; Philo, Fug. 51; Tat. 12, 4 κ. τὸ ὅμοιον αὐτῇ) in a similar manner Hb 4:15b. κ. μικρόν in brief B 1:5 (μικρός 1eγ).
    ⑥ denoting relationship to someth., with respect to, in relation to κ. σάρκα w. respect to the flesh, physically of human descent Ro 1:3; 4:1; 9:3, 5 (Ar. 15, 7 κ. σάρκα … κ. ψυχήν; Just., D. 43, 7 ἐν τῷ γένει τῷ κ. σάρκα τοῦ Ἀβραάμ al.). κ. τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον 7:22 (cp. POxy 904, 6 πληγαῖς κατακοπτόμενον κ. τὸ σῶμα). Cp. Ro 1:4; 11:28; Phil 3:5, 6b (for vs. 6a s. 5bβ above); Hb 9:9b. τὰ κ. τινα (Hdt. 7, 148; Diod S 1, 10, 73; Aelian, VH 2, 20; PEleph 13, 3; POxy 120, 14; Tob 10:9; 1 Esdr 9:17; 2 Macc 3:40; 9:3 al.) someone’s case, circumstances Ac 24:22 (cp. PEleph 13, 3 τὰ κ. σε; Just., A I, 61, 13 τὰ κ. τὸν Ἰησοῦν πάντα, D. 102, 2 τὰ κ. αὐτόν; Ath. 24, 4 τὸ κ. τοὺς ἀγγέλους); 25:14; Eph 6:21; Phil 1:12; Col 4:7. κ. πάντα in all respects (since Thu. 4, 81, 3; Sb 4324, 3; 5761, 22; SIG 834, 7; Gen 24:1; Wsd 19:22; 2 Macc 1:17; 3 Macc 5:42; JosAs 1:7; Just., A II, 4, 4, D. 35, 8 al.); Ac 17:22; Col 3:20, 22a; Hb 2:17 (Artem. 1, 13 αὐτῷ ὅμοιον κ. π.); 4:15a.
    ⑦ Somet. the κατά phrase, which would sound cumbersome in the rendering ‘such-and-such’, ‘in line with’, or ‘in accordance with’, is best rendered as an adj., a possessive pron., or with a genitival construction to express the perspective from which something is perceived or to be understood. In translation it thus functions as
    ⓐ an adj. (Synes., Kingdom 4 p. 4d τὰ κατʼ ἀρετὴν ἔργα i.e. the deeds that are commensurate with that which is exceptional = virtuous deeds; PHib 27, 42 ταῖς κ. σελήνην ἡμέραις; 4 Macc 5:18 κ. ἀλήθειαν=ἀληθής; Just., A I, 2, 1 τοὺς κ. ἀλήθειαν εὐσεβεῖς; Tat. 26, 2 τῆς κ. ἀλήθειαν σοφίας) οἱ κ. φύσιν κλάδοι the natural branches Ro 11:21. ἡ κατʼ εὐσέβειαν διδασκαλία 1 Ti 6:3; cp. Tit 1:1b. οἱ κ. σάρκα κύριοι the earthly masters (in wordplay, anticipating the κύριος who is in the heavens, vs. 9) Eph 6:5. Cp. 2 Cor 5:16b, in case (s. 5bβ above) κ. ς. belongs w. Χριστόν (as the majority, incl. Ltzm., take it): a physical Christ, a Christ in the flesh, in his earthly relationships (σάρξ 5). Correspondingly in vs. 16a κ. ς. would be taken w. οὐδένα: no one simply as a physical being.—JMartyn, JKnox Festschr., ’67, 269–87.
    ⓑ a possessive pron., but with limiting force (Demosth. 2, 27 τὰ καθʼ ὑμᾶς ἐλλείμματα [i.e. in contrast to the activities of others: ‘your own’]; Aelian, VH 2, 42 ἡ κατʼ αὐτὸν ἀρετή; 3, 36; OGI 168, 17 παραγεγονότες εἰς τοὺς καθʼ ὑμᾶς τόπους; SIG 646, 6; 807, 15 al.; UPZ 20, 9 [II B.C.] ἐπὶ τῆς καθʼ ἡμᾶς λειτουργίας; PTebt 24, 64; 2 Macc 4:21; Tat. 42, 1 τίς ὁ θεὸς καὶ τίς ἡ κατʼ αὐτὸν ποίησις; Mel., HE 4, 26, 7 ἡ καθʼ ἡμᾶς φιλοσοφία) τῶν καθʼ ὑμᾶς ποιητῶν τινες some of your (own) poets Ac 17:28. ἡ καθʼ ὑμᾶς πίστις Eph 1:15. ὁ καθʼ ὑμᾶς νόμος Ac 18:15. τὸ κατʼ ἐμὲ πρόθυμον my eagerness Ro 1:15.
    ⓒ a gen. w. a noun (Polyb. 3, 113, 1 ἡ κ. τὸν ἥλιον ἀνατολή; 2, 48, 2; 3, 8, 1 al.; Diod S 14, 12 ἡ κ. τὸν τύραννον ὠμότης; Dionys. Hal. 2, 1; SIG 873, 5 τῆς κ. τ. μυστήρια τελετῆς; 569, 22; 783, 20; PTebt 5, 25; PLond III, 1164k, 20 p. 167 [212 A.D.] ὑπὸ τοῦ κ. πατέρα μου ἀνεψιοῦ) τὰ κ. Ἰουδαίους ἔθη the customs of the Judeans Ac 26:3 (Tat. 12, 5 τῇ κ. Βαβυλωνίους προγνωστικῇ; 34, 2 ἡ κ. τὸν Ἀριστόδημον πλαστική). Cp. 27:2. ἡ κ. πίστιν δικαιοσύνη the righteousness of faith Hb 11:7. ἡ κατʼ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις purpose of election Ro 9:11.—Here also belong the titles of the gospels εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Ματθαῖον etc., where κατά is likew. periphrasis for a gen. (cp. JLydus, De Mag. 3, 46 p. 136, 10 Wünsch τῆς κ. Λουκανὸν συγγραφῆς; Herodian 2, 9, 4 of an autobiography ἐν τῷ καθʼ αὑτὸν βίῳ; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 18 τ. καθʼ αὐτὸν ἱστορίαν; 2 Macc 2:13. Cp. B-D-F §163; 224, 2; Zahn, Einleitung §49; BBacon, Why ‘According to Mt’? Exp., 8th ser., 16, 1920, 289–310).—On the periphrasis of the gen. by κατά s. Rudberg (ἀνά beg.) w. many exx. fr. Pla. on. But it occurs as early as Thu. 6, 16, 5 ἐν τῷ κατʼ αὐτοὺς βίῳ.—M-M. DELG. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κατά

  • 15 γλῶσσα

    γλῶσσα, ης, ἡ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, En; TestJob 43:12; Test12Patr; JosAs 13:8; GrBar 3:6; ApcSed; AscIs 3:18; Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat.)
    ① organ of speech, tongue
    ⓐ lit. (Did., Gen. 88, 26) Lk 16:24; as an organ of speech (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 31, 195 χαλεπώτατόν ἐστιν τὸ γλώττης κρατεῖν; Did., Gen. 46, 26 ὄργανον λόγου ἐστὶν ἡ γ.) Mk 7:33, 35; (Vi. Aesopi I G 7 P.: Isis heals the mute Aesop τὸ τραχὺ τῆς γλώττης ἀποτεμοῦσα, τὸ κωλῦον αὐτὸν λαλεῖν ‘cutting off the rough part of his tongue that prevented him from speaking’) Lk 1:64; Ro 3:13 (Ps 5:10; 13:3; cp. Hes., Op. 322–26); 14:11 (Is 45:23); Js 1:26; 3:5f, 8 (Apion in the schol. on Od. 3, 341 κράτιστον τῶν μελῶν ἡ γλῶσσα.—JGeffcken, Kynika usw. 1909, 45–53; GAvdBergh vEysinga, NThT 20, ’31, 303–20). 1J 3:18; διὰ τῆς γ. w. the tongue, i.e., in speaking 1 Cor 14:9 (Just., A I, 16, 8 διὰ γλώττης). παύειν τὴν γ. ἀπὸ κακοῦ keep the tongue from (saying) evil things 1 Pt 3:10; 1 Cl 22:3 (both Ps 33:14). Synon. στόμα 35:8 (Ps 49:19); Rv 16:10; 1 Cl 15:4f (Ps 77:36; 11:4f). τὸ ἐπιεικὲς τῆς γ. moderation of the tongue 21:7. μάστιξ γλώσσης words of reproof 56:10 (Job 5:21). Conceited speech 57:2 (cp. 3 Macc 2:17). Of evil tongues Hv 2, 2, 3. ἠγαλλιάσατο ἡ γλῶσσά μου my tongue exulted (the organ for the pers., cp. πούς 1b) Ac 2:26; 1 Cl 18:15 (both Ps 15:9). τὴν γ. προβάλλειν put out the tongue, hiss of a dragon Hv 4, 1, 9.
    ⓑ fig., of forked flames Ac 2:3 (=לְשׁוֹן אֵשׁ Is 5:24; cp. En 14:9f).
    ② a body of words and systems that makes up a distinctive language, language, tongue
    ⓐ of the language itself (Hom. et al.; PGiss 99, 9; Philo, Mos. 2, 40; Jos., Ant. 10, 8; 158; Just., D. 102, 4) Ac 2:6 v.l., 11; language λαλεῖν ἑτέραις γλώσσαις Ac 2:4. On this s. ἕτερος 2 end.; B-D-F §480, 3.
    ⓑ of language viewed in terms of pers. using it, language, tongue: πᾶσα γ. every language=every person, regardless of the language that pers. speaks Ro 14:11; Phil 2:11 (Is 45:23; cp. POxy 1381, 198: Ἑλληνὶς δὲ πᾶσα γλῶσσα τὴν σὴν λαλήσει ἱστορίαν καὶ πᾶς Ἕλλην ἀνὴρ τὸν τοῦ Φθᾶ σεβήσεται Ἰμούθην; PGM 12, 188) IMg 10:3. As a distinctive feature of nations γ. can be used as a synonym of φυλή, λαός, ἔθνος (Is 66:18; Da 3:4, 7 al.; Jdth 3:8; AscIs 3:18) Rv 5:9; 7:9; 10:11; 11:9; 13:7; 14:6; 17:15; 2 Cl 17:4 (Is 66:18).
    ③ an utterance outside the normal patterns of intelligible speech and therefore requiring special interpretation, ecstatic language, ecstatic speech, tongue, γλῶσσαι, γένη γλωσσῶν, (ἐν) γλώσσῃ/-αις λαλεῖν (λαλούντων διὰ τοῦ πνεύματος γλώσσαις Iren. 5, 6, 1 [Harv. II 334, 3]) 1 Cor 14:1–27, 39; 12:10, 28, 30; 13:1, 8; Ac 10:46; 19:6. Always without the article (in 1 Cor 14:22 αἱ is anaphoric; vs. 9 belongs under mng. 1a). There is no doubt about the thing referred to, namely the strange speech of persons in religious ecstasy. The phenomenon, as found in Hellenistic religion, is described esp. by ERohde (Psyche3 1903, Eng. tr. 1925, 289–93) and Reitzenstein; cp. Celsus 7, 8; 9. The origin of the term is less clear. Two explanations are prominent today. The one (Bleek, Heinrici et al.) holds that γλῶσσα here means antiquated, foreign, unintelligible, mysterious utterances (Diod S 4, 66, 7 κατὰ γλῶτταν=according to an old expression). The other (Rtzst., Bousset et al.) sees in glossolalia a speaking in marvelous, celestial languages. On ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν 1 Cor 12:10 (cp. 14:26) s. ἑρμηνεία.—γλώσσαις καιναῖς λαλεῖν Mk 16:17.—On ‘speaking in tongues’ s. HGunkel, Die Wirkungen d. hl. Geistes2 1899; HWeinel, D. Wirkungen d. Geistes u. d. Geister im nachap. Zeitalter 1899; ELombard, De la Glossolalie chez les premiers chrétiens 1910; EMosiman, Das Zungenreden geschichtl. u. psychol. unters. 1911. WReinhard, D. Wirken d. hl. Geistes 1918, 120ff; KLSchmidt, Die Pfingsterzählung u. d. Pfingstereignis 1919 (against him PSchmiedel, PM 24, 1920, 73–86); HGüntert, Von der Sprache der Götter u. Geister 1921, 23ff; AMackie, The Gift of Tongues 1922; HRust, D. Zungenreden 1924; FBüchsel, D. Geist Gottes im NT 1926, 242ff; 321ff; GCutten, Speaking with Tongues 1927; IMartin, 3rd, Glossolalia in the Apostolic Church: JBL 63, ’44, 123–30; JDavies, Pentecost and Glossolalia: JTS n.s. 3, ’52, 228–31; FBeare, JBL 83, ’64, 229–46; SCurrie, Int 19, ’65, 274–94; RHarrisville, CBQ 38, ’76, 35–48; RAC XI 225–46; EDNT I 251–55.—B. 230; 1260. Frisk. DELG s.v. γλῶχες. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > γλῶσσα

  • 16 εἶμι

    A ibo), [ per.] 2sg.

    εἶ S. Tr.83

    , Ar.Av. 990, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.

    εἶς Hes.Op. 208

    ,

    εἶσθα Il. 10.450

    , Od.19.69; [ per.] 3sg. εἶσι; pl. ἴμεν, ἴτε, ἴᾱσι: imper. ἴθι (also εἶ in the compd.

    ἔξει Ar.Nu. 633

     acc. to Sch., but prob. indic.), [ per.] 3pl.

    ἴτωσαν E.IT 1480

    , Pl.Lg. 765a, also

    ἴτων A.Eu.32

    ,

    ἰόντων Th.4.118

    , etc.: subj. ἴω (

    εἴω Sophr.48

    ); [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.

    ἴῃσθα Il.10.67

    ; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.

    ἴῃσι 9.701

    ; [dialect] Ep. pl. ἴομεν (for - ωμεν) 2.440: opt. ἴοιμι, οις, οι, 14.21, etc.;

    ἰοίην Sapph.159

    , IG4.760 ([place name] Troezen), X.Smp.4.16, ([etym.] διεξ-) Isoc.5.98; [dialect] Ep.

    ἰείη Il.19.209

    , cf.

    περι-ιεῖεν IG22.1126.18

     (Amphict. Delph.),

    εἴη Il.24.139

    , Od.14.496,

    εἴηι GDI4986.7

     ([place name] Crete): inf. ἰέναι, [dialect] Ep. ἴμεναι (ι in Il.20.365 ) or ἴμεν, also

    ἰέμεν Archyt.

     ap. Stob.3.1.106 (dub. l.), ἴναι [pron. full] [ῐ] Orac. ap. Str.9.2.23, (ἐξ-) Machoap.Ath.13.580c, cf. EM467.18 ( προς-εῖναι dub. in Hes. Op. 353): part. ἰών, ἰοῦσα, ἰόν: [tense] impf. ᾔειν, ᾔεις (

    δι-ῄεισθα Pl.Ti. 26c

    ,

    ἐπεξ-ῄεισθα Euthphr.4b

    ), ᾔει or - ειν Id.Ti. 38c, Criti. 117e; [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. ἤϊα, [ per.] 3sg. ἤϊε ([etym.] - εν), [var] contr.

    ᾖε Od.18.257

    ; dual

    ᾔτην Pl.Euthd. 294d

    ; 1 and [ per.] 2pl., ᾖμεν, ᾖτε; [ per.] 3pl., [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. ἤϊσαν, [dialect] Ep. also ἴσαν, [dialect] Att. ᾖσαν ([etym.] μετ-) Ar.Eq. 605, cf. Fr. 161, ([etym.] ἐπ-) Od.19.445, later ᾔεσαν ([etym.] εἰς-) Arist.Ath.32.1, etc.; also [ per.] 3sg.

    ἴε Il.2.872

    , al.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 1pl.

    ᾔομεν Od.10.251

    , al., [ per.] 3 dual

    ἴτην Il.1.347

    ; [ per.] 3pl.

    ἤϊον Od.23.370

    :—[voice] Med. [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. ἴεμαι, ἰέμην are mere mistakes for ἵεμαι, ἱέμην (from ἵημι), cf. S.OT 1242, E.Supp. 698:—for [tense] fut. εἴσομαι and [tense] aor. [voice] Med. εἰσάμην, in [ per.] 3sg. εἴσατο, ἐείσατο, [ per.] 3 dual ἐεισάσθην, v. εἴσομαι 11.—The ind. εἶμι usu. has [tense] pres. sense in Hom. ([tense] fut., Il.1.426, 18.280), but in [dialect] Ion. Prose and [dialect] Att. it serves as [tense] fut. to ἔρχομαι (q. v.), I shall go, shall come: the [tense] pres. sense is sts. found in Poetry, prov. αὐτόματοι δ' ἀγαθοὶ ἀγαθῶν ἐπὶ δαῖτας ἴασι (cf. Pl.Smp. 174b), cf. Theoc.25.90, also in compds. ( προς-) A.Eu. 242, (ἐπ-) Th.4.61, ( συν-) Str.3.2.2. [[pron. full] ῐ- in all tenses, exc. in [dialect] Ep. Subj. ἴομεν for ἴωμεν at the beginning of a verse]:— come or go, the special senses being given by the context, οἴκαδ' ἴμεν go home, Il.17.155;

    τάχ' εἶσθα θύραζε Od.19.69

    , etc.; come,

    οὐδέ μιν οἴω νῦν ἰέναι Il.17.710

    , etc.; go, depart, Od.2.367;

    ὑπὸ τεῖχος ἰόντας Il.12.264

    .
    II c.acc.,
    1 c. acc. loci, go to or into, Od.1.176, 18.194, S.OT 637.
    2 c. acc. cogn., ὁδὸν ἰέναι go a road, Od.10.103; so τὴν ὀρεινήν (sc. ὁδόν) X.Cyr. 2.4.22: metaph.,

    ἄδικον ὁδὸν ἰέναι Th.3.64

    .
    3 go through or over, τὸ μέσον τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, of the sun, Hdt.2.25, cf. 26: in Hom., freq. c. gen., ἰὼν πεδίοιο going across the plain, Il.5.597.
    III c. inf. [tense] aor.,

    ἀλλά τις εἴη εἰπεῖν Ἀτρεΐδῃ Od.14.496

    .—On the Homeric βῆ δ' ἴμεν, etc., v. βαίνω.
    2 c. part. [tense] fut., Ἑλένην καλέουσ' ἴε went to call her, Il.3.383, cf. 14.200, Od.15.213; ἤϊα λέξων I was going to tell, Hdt.4.82;

    ἴτω θύσων Pl.Lg. 909d

    ;

    εἴ τις ἱστορίαν γράψων ἴῃ Luc. Hist.Conscr.39

    .
    IV also of other motions besides walking or running, as of going in a ship, esp.

    ἐπὶ νηὸς ἰέναι Od.2.332

    , etc.; of the flight of bees, Il.2.87.
    2 of the motion of things, [πέλεκυς] εἶσιν διὰ δουρός the axe goes through the beam, 3.61; of clouds or vapour, 4.278; of the stars, 22.317; of time, ἔτος εἶσι the year will pass, Od. 2.89; φάτις εἶσι the report goes, 23.362;

    χρόνος.. ἰὼν πόρσω Pi.O.10

     (11).55; ἴτω κλαγγά, βοά, S.Tr. 208 (lyr.), Ar.Av. 857 (lyr.);

    ἡ μοῖρ' ὅποιπερ εἶσ' ἴτω S.OT 1458

    , cf.Pl.Ap. 19a.
    V metaph. usages, ἰέναι ἐς λόγους τινί to enter on a conference with.., Th.3.80, etc.; ἰέναι ἐς τοὺς πολέμους, ἐς τὴν ξυμμαχίαν, Id.1.78, 5.30; ἰέναι ἐς χεῖρας to come to blows, Id.2.3, 81; ἰέναι ἐς τὰ παραγγελλόμενα to obey orders, Id.1.121;

    διὰ δίκης ἰὼν πατρί S.Ant. 742

    ; ἰέναι διὰ μάχης, διὰ φιλίας, etc., v. διά A.IV.b.
    VI imper. ἴθι (with or without δή) come now! mostly folld. by [ per.] 2sg. imper.,

    ἴ. ἐξήγεο Hdt.3.72

    ; ἴθ' ἐγκόνει, ἴθ' ἐκκάλυψον, S.Aj. 988, 1003;

    ἴ. πέραινε Ar.Ra. 1170

    ; in full, ἴ. καὶ πειρῶ go and try, Hdt.8.57: with [ per.] 1pl.,

    ἴ. οὖν ἐπισκεψώμεθα X.Mem.1.6.4

    , cf. Pl. Prt. 332d;

    ἴτε δὴ ἀκούσωμεν Id.Lg. 797d

    : [ per.] 2 dual,

    ἴθι δὴ παρίστασθον Ar.Ra. 1378

    : also [ per.] 2pl.,

    ἴτε νεύσατε S.OC 248

    , cf. OT 1413.
    2 ἴτω let it pass, well then, Id.Ph. 120, E.Med. 798.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἶμι

  • 17 παρατήρησις

    A observation, διειλημμένοι εἰς παρατήρησιν kept under surveillance, Aen. Tact. 10.25 ;

    παρατηρήσεις ἄστρων D.

     S. 1.28, cf. 5.31 ;

    π. παθέων ἀλλοτρίων IG42(1).687.14

     (Epid., ii A. D.) ; ποιεῖσθαι τὴν π. Plu.2.36 3b ; μετὰ παρατηρήσεως so that it can be observed, Ev. Luc. 17.20: in bad sense, close observation, to detect faults, etc., Plb. 16.22.8 ; ἐνέδρα καὶ π. Plu. 2.266b ; empirical observation, opp. λογισμός, Gal.1.127 ; so κατὰ ἱστορίαν ἢ π. Phld.Rh. 1.40 S.
    2. observance of rules, etc., D.T.629.21.
    3. remark, note,

    παρατηρήσεως ἄξια Longin.23.2

    , cf. Sch.Ar.Ra. 1258 ; ψιλὴ π. bare notice, A.D.Pron.41.8.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρατήρησις

  • 18 περιέχω

    περιέχω fut. 3 pl. περιέξουσιν TestSol 8:7; 2 aor. περιέσχον (Hom.+)
    ① to enclose on all sides, surround, encircle
    ⓐ of things, one of which surrounds the other (Pla. et al.; SIG 685, 75; 1169, 20 τόπον κύκλῳ πέτραις περιεχόμενον; Job 30:18; Ath. 6, 1) of water τὴν γῆν flow around the earth 1 Cl 33:3.
    ⓑ of persons, encircle w. hostile intent (Hdt. et al.; oft. LXX) περιέσχεν με συναγωγὴ πονηρευομένων B 6:6 (Ps 21:17).
    ② to take hold of completely, fig. ext. of 1: of circumstances, emotions, moods, that seize, come upon or befall someone w. acc. of pers. (PTebt 44, 8 [114 B.C.] χάριν τῆς περιεχούσης με ἀρρωστίας; 2 Macc 4:16; 3 Macc 5:6; Jos., Bell. 4, 585; 6, 182; Mel., P. 30, 203 συμφορά) θάμβος περιέσχεν αὐτόν amazement seized him, i.e. he was amazed Lk 5:9 (cp. Da 7:28 ἐκστάσει περιειχόμην).
    ③ to have someth. as content, contain of a document
    ⓐ trans., w. acc. (Diod S 2, 1, 1; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 39; 2, 37; 276; SIG 683, 12f [140 B.C.] ἐπιστολὰν περιέχουσαν τὰν κρίσιν; BGU 1047 III, 11; PGiss 57, 1) ἐπιστολὴν περιέχουσαν τάδε Ac 15:23 D. ἐπιστολὴν περιέχουσαν τὸν τύπον τοῦτον 23:25 v.l. Cp. Pol 13:2. ἱστοριαν … ἢν τὸ καθʼ Ἑβραίους εὐαγγέλιον περιέχει Papias (2:17).
    ⓑ intr. (SIG 685 [139 B.C.], 21 καθότι τὰ γράμματα περιέχει; 41; 730, 31 [I B.C.]; 820, 11; POxy 95, 33 [95 B.C.]; BGU 19, 10 περιέχων οὕτως; 191, 8; 10; 1 Macc 15:2; 2 Macc 11:16 τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον=οὕτως 2 Macc 11:22; TestLevi 10:5) περιέχει ἐν γραφῇ it stands or says in the scripture 1 Pt 2:6 (ἐν as Jos., Ant. 11, 104; the quot. foll. as SIG 685, 51).—B-D-F §308; Rob. 800. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > περιέχω

  • 19 ἱστορία

    ἱστορία, ας, ἡ (s. prec. entry; Hdt.+) prim. ‘inquiry’, then the results of inquiry: ‘story, account, recital’
    ① account, story, in a gener. sense ἐν ταῖς ἱ. τῶν ιβ´ φυλῶν in the ‘accounts of the 12 Tribes’ GJs 1:1; γράψας τὴν ἱ. ταύτην 25:1a; cp. γράψαι τ. ἱ. 25:1b. Of a specific account ἱστορίαν περὶ γυναικὸς ἐπὶ πολλαῖς ἁμαρτίαις διαβληθείσης ἐπὶ τοῦ κυρίου, ἣν τὸ καθʼ Ἑβραίους εὐαγγέλιον περιέχει a story, recorded by the Gospel of the Hebrews, about a woman who was accused of many sins in the Lord’s presence Papias (2:17).
    ② story as personal experience, story μήτι ἐν ἐμοὶ ἀνεκεφαλαιώθη ἡ ἱ. τοῦ Ἀδάμ; has the story of Adam been recapitulated with me? (cp. ApcMos 7) GJs 13:1.—DELG s.v. οἶδα. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἱστορία

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